Epstein Data Wiki

Beth Ann Bovino

Properties2
tagsperson, economist, standard-and-poors, mcgraw-hill-financial, ratings, mailing-list, scheduling, 9-east-71st-street, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018
aliasesBeth Ann Bovino, Beth Anne Bovino, Bovino, Beth Ann, Bethann Bovino, Beth Ann Bovino, PhD

49 min read

Name as printed in the files”Beth Ann Bovino” in her own signature blocks and in the header fields of her own messages; “Bovino, Beth Ann” in the sender field of her employer’s mail system; “Bethann” in the salutations of messages sent to her; “Beth Anne Bovino” throughout Epstein’s own office diary; “Ms Bovino” in the message announcing her arrival1234
How the documents describe herBy her own signature block of 20 September 2014: “Beth Ann Bovino, PhD / U.S. Chief Economist / Standard & Poor’s”. By an S&P press release quoted in the files on 24 August 2013: “named U.S. Chief Economist for Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services”, previously “Deputy Chief Economist”56
Documents110, on searches run 27 October 2026 and described at the foot of this page7
Documents in which she is the writer13 copies, carrying 10 distinct messages of her own. Nine she wrote; the tenth is an automatic out-of-office reply8
Earliest and latest dated documents24 August 2013 and 23 July 201869
Meeting with EpsteinOne, and it took place. Breakfast at nine in the morning on Friday 12 September 2014 at Epstein’s house at 9 East 71st Street, New York. Her own note eight days later begins “it was great to see you last Friday”45
MoneyNone in either direction in anything read for this page. No document read for this page records a payment, a fee, a donation or a request for one10
What she sent himA Standard & Poor’s research report of 5 August 2014 on income inequality, which she wrote, attached to her own e-mail. The report is in the release as a run of 27 consecutively stamped sheets1112
What she arranged afterwardsThat Epstein’s office be added to Standard & Poor’s economic research distribution list. The release holds mailings and automatic replies to them running from 17 October 2014 to 23 July 20185139
AllegationsNone. This page carries no allegation against her of any kind
ChargesNone. She has not been charged with any offence and is not a party to any case in the material read for this page

Beth Ann Bovino

what this page is about, and what it is not

This page records what the released Epstein files show about the chief United States economist of a credit ratings agency between August 2013 and July 2018, and it stays inside that. It is not a biography. Her career, her published work and her standing in her profession are matters outside these files, and this page describes them only where a document in the files describes them. She is not accused of anything here, and nothing below should be read as an accusation.

Beth Ann Bovino was the United States chief economist of Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services when these documents were written. The released Epstein files describe her that way, and they contain no other kind of description of her. The description they use is the one in her own signature block: “Beth Ann Bovino, PhD / U.S. Chief Economist / Standard & Poor’s”, above the agency’s address at 55 Water Street in New York.5

What the files document is a single sequence, and the whole of it runs from the middle of August to the middle of September 2014. Jeffrey Epstein saw her on television, asked her sister for her contact details, wrote to her the same afternoon, and was answered within sixteen minutes. Over the next month his office tried three times to put the two of them in a room. The third attempt worked: on the morning of Friday 12 September 2014 a member of Epstein’s household staff sent him a message consisting of five words, “Sir Ms Bovino is here”, and the breakfast on his diary for nine o’clock went ahead.43 Eight days later she wrote to thank him, offered to put his office on her agency’s research mailing list, and did so. Mail sent under her name went on arriving at his office for almost four years.59

She is not a bystander in that record. Thirteen of the 110 documents carry her name in a sender field, and they hold ten distinct messages of her own.8 A subject who writes is better evidenced than a subject who is written about, and almost everything specific this page can say about her comes from her own messages.

Her sister’s message, August 2013

The earliest document in this page’s count that names her was not written by her or to her. It was written by her sister.

On Saturday 24 August 2013, Kelly Umekubo wrote to Epstein under the subject “Real estate recovery vs. the Fed”. The message opens:6

My little sister got promoted last week … and I thought of you and how your generosity helped make this happen …

She then pasted a Standard & Poor’s announcement of 16 August 2013, which reads in part that the agency “today announced that Beth Ann Bovino has been named U.S. Chief Economist for Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services” and that she “has been very successful as S&P’s main spokesperson for the U.S. economy in her role as Deputy Chief Economist”. Below it Umekubo added a link to a CNBC interview, “this is a video of Beth Ann at work”, and closed: “I hope you are having fun somewhere and know that I always will be grateful.” Epstein’s reply, the same morning, was “great , thanks”. The doubled space is on the sheet.6

That message is the only document read for this page that connects Epstein to her career, and it is her sister’s characterisation rather than a documented transaction. It does not say what the generosity was, it does not say who it was for, and nothing else read for this page identifies it. Bovino herself says something adjacent a year later, in her own words, and that sentence is quoted below. Neither statement is a record of a payment, and no payment appears anywhere in the material read for this page.10

12 August 2014: a television appearance

Epstein began the sequence by asking her sister for her contact details.

At 15:14 Coordinated Universal Time on Tuesday 12 August 2014, which the quoted header on the reply renders as 8:14 in the morning on a clock seven hours behind, he wrote to Umekubo. The message has no subject line and no salutation, and begins with a bare comma:

, I saw beth ann on the news. I roared with laughter. . can you send me her contact details. send a recent photo of you and kids

The spacing and the stray full stop are the sheet’s own.14 Umekubo answered three hours later. Her reply begins “Of course:”, and the next line reads:15

I’m imagining you might want to send her your thoughts on income inequality ;)

Two hours later, Epstein wrote to Bovino directly. The subject line is “saw you on the news” and the body is one sentence:16

are you in new york, Id love to hear more. jeffrey epstein

She replied in sixteen minutes, and attached a report she had written. Her message carries the attachment incomeinequality_08052014.pdf in its own header line:11

Hey there, Jeffrey, Nice to hear from you!

I am in NY and would love to talk about it. Since you were one big reason why I actually finished my Ph.D. I probably should have sited you in the report (attached).

Are you in town?

Beth Ann

“sited” is what the sheet prints, and it is not corrected here.11

That sentence is the strongest thing in the record about what preceded all of this, and it is hers. It establishes that she and Epstein were already acquainted in 2014, that the acquaintance predated her doctorate, and that she credited him with part of her finishing it. It does not say how, it does not say when, and nothing else read for this page explains it. The question of what “one big reason” means is not answered by any document read here.

Epstein replied three minutes later, copying his assistant:17

next week 19 20. , I have set up a meeting at Treasury on the 21 to discuss virtual and digital currencies. . my sec lesley who is copied on this email will cooridinate a get together, look forward to it

The spacing and the spelling of “cooridinate” are the sheet’s.17 The assistant he names in that sentence is Lesley Groff, and the message is addressed to her as well as to Bovino.17

Bovino declined, under seven minutes later:18

Unfortunately, that time won’t work. I’m travelling next week and the following (work then vacation). But, I’ll wait to hear from Lesley about scheduling another time.

Cheers,

Beth Ann

Groff wrote to her thirteen minutes afterwards: “Hello Bethann. Sounds like we will need to coordinate a date in September! I am not positive of Jeffrey’s schedule as of yet but will be sure to circle back to you.”19 Bovino answered: “Gotcha! Will wait to hear from you. Thanks and have a good night!” Groff’s last word on the thread, a minute later, is “You as well”.20

The whole of it, from Epstein’s first message to her sister that morning to the last word on the thread that evening, took five hours and fifty-five minutes.

Late August: a reminder, and an out-of-office reply

Epstein’s office kept the September appointment alive on a tickler.

At 15:46 Coordinated Universal Time on Thursday 28 August 2014, a reminder reached his account. The subject line reads “Reminder: Beth Ann Bovino in Sept.” and the body is one sentence: “Reminder you want to try and schedule time with Beth Ann Bovino in Sept.”21

Seventy-six minutes later the office wrote to her. The message is signed “Assistant to Jeffrey Epstein” and reads in full:

Hello Beth Ann…Jeffrey will be in NY week of Sept. 8th…might you be around as well?

Please let me know!

22 Three seconds later her mail system answered: “Hello, I am out of the office, returning Sept 3. I will have access to emails while away, and will get back to you as soon as possible. Thank you and have a good day.”23

2 September: a list

On Monday 1 September 2014, Epstein asked his office for a list of people to see. His own message is nine words: “can you send me a full list of people”.24

The answer came back under the subject “People To See List”, on a sheet whose header reads Date: Tue, 02 Sep 2014 01:15:31 +0000, which was a quarter past nine the same evening in New York. It is a single column of names, set in italic, one to a line. Her name stands between Dick Merkin and Kathy Ruemmler, in a column that also carries Bill Gates, Larry Summers, Leon Black, Mort Zuckerman, Icahn, Andrew Farkas, Peggy Siegal, Bill Burns, John Brockman and Peter Thiel, among others.25

That list and its variants are the single largest class of document in this page’s count. They are not evidence that she did anything. Fifty-three of the 110 documents are office diaries, schedule circulations and people-to-see lists, and her name appears on them because the office put it there.7 A name on a list is not an act, and this page does not treat it as one. What follows is.

3 September: the booking

The office reached her again at 12:18 Coordinated Universal Time on Wednesday 3 September 2014, which was 8:19 in the morning in New York and her first working day back.

Hello Beth Ann. Hope you had a nice holiday. Jeffrey will be in town all next week. Might you have some time to come and see him? Perhaps Monday Sept 8th at 5pm? Or sometime during the day on Wed. Sept. 10th? Please let me know or feel free to suggest another day/time.

The message is signed “Thank you,” and “Assistant to Jeffrey Epstein”.26

She answered seventy minutes later:27

Thanks, had a nice relaxing week. But, good to be back. I am travelling on the 8. Should be back on the 10th to meet Jeffrey, though would need to be later in the afternoon or possibly in the morning. I have an internal meeting downtown that goes from 12 to 4 PM. I am also in NY later in the week, September 11 and 12.

Hope something can be arranged.

Best,

Beth Ann

The booking then closed over the next seventy-five minutes, and every time below is its own sheet’s +0000 header. At 13:36 the office wrote “Welcome back! Let me look over Jeffrey’s schedule. For sure I can make something work here! I will get back to you.”28 At 14:17 it offered the Friday: “How about Friday Sept. 12th…Jeffrey is available for breakfast or sometime during the day could work as well…The 12th he is pretty free…”29 At 14:33 she replied: “Great. How about breakfast on the 12th? Thanks!”30 At 14:42 the office answered, and gave her the address:

perfect! 8:30? 9am? What is good for you. Jeffrey’s home address is:

9 East 71st Street between 5th and Madison

31 Twenty-five seconds later she chose: ” 9 AM works. thanks!”32 The office then asked for her mobile number, and she replied within a minute.33 At 14:44:22 it wrote “done…see you then.”34

At 14:45 the office told Epstein. The message is addressed to him, copied to members of the household staff, and its subject line is simply her name. The body is one sentence:35

Beth Ann Bovino will come see you for breakfast at 9am on Friday Sept. 12th

Below it the sheet prints the diary page for that day, with the entry “9:00am BREAKFAST w/Beth Anne Bovino” and, beneath it, “TBD Possibly go see Woody edit his movie in the afternoon.”35

From her first reply that morning to the entry going into Epstein’s diary, the booking took an hour and a quarter.

11 September: the reconfirmation

Groff reconfirmed the appointment the evening before. At 21:11 Coordinated Universal Time on Thursday 11 September 2014, which was 5:11 in the afternoon in New York, she wrote:

Hi Bethann. Just reconfirming you will come see Jeffrey for breakfast tomorrow at 9am!

9 East 71st street between 5th and Madison

It is signed “Lesley” and “Sent from my iPhone”.2 Bovino answered eight minutes later:36

Thank you for the reminder! I was distracted and could have forgot! I will be there at 9 AM (on the earlier side)

Groff’s reply, four minutes after that, was “Terrific!! Thx”.37

Friday 12 September 2014

Epstein’s diary for that Friday is the best-evidenced single day in this page’s record. The breakfast entry appears on 46 office documents, and the diary was still being circulated by e-mail on the morning itself, on a sheet whose Sent: field reads 10:26 AM and carries no time zone.37

The day as the diary sets it out ran: an appointment with David Mitchell, at a quarter past eight on the copy circulated the evening before and at half past eleven on the copy circulated that morning; “9:00am BREAKFAST w/Beth Anne Bovino”; a ten o’clock interview with a potential decorator; a half past ten interview with a potential travelling assistant; an eleven o’clock appointment with Frederic Fekkai; the afternoon at the Manhattan Film Center watching Woody Allen edit; a five o’clock telephone call with George Church; and a six o’clock appointment with Boris Nikolic.338

She arrived. A message from a member of Epstein’s household staff reached his account that morning under the subject “Ms Bovino”. Its body is five words:4

Sir Ms Bovino is here

It is signed “Merwin Dela Cruz”.4

The timing of that message can be settled exactly, and it is worth setting out how. The sheet prints a bare Sent: field reading “Friday, September 12, 2014 12:59 PM” with no time zone attached to it, and a zoneless field is not a time. But the same sheet also prints, below the signature, the message’s property list, and that list carries a date-received value of 1410526743. That number is 12:59:03 Coordinated Universal Time on 12 September 2014, which places the bare field in Coordinated Universal Time and not in local time. New York was four hours behind Coordinated Universal Time on that date, so the houseman announced her at 8:59 in the morning, one minute before the nine o’clock breakfast.4

Nothing read for this page records what was said over that breakfast. No note of it, no agenda, no follow-up summary and no third-party account of it appears in anything read here.

20 September: “it was great to see you last Friday”

Eight days later she wrote to him, and that message is the only document read for this page in which she looks back on the meeting:

Hi Jeffrey,

Just a quick, belated, note to say that it was great to see you last Friday. I really enjoyed our conversation and wish we could have talked longer. Hopefully, another time. But, until then, I will Include your assistant’s email address on our distribution list. And feel free to ask for other reports that S&P published, if interested. I will certainly send your way.

All the Best,

Beth Ann

5 The capital in “Include” is the sheet’s. Beneath it she signs “Beth Ann Bovino, PhD / U.S. Chief Economist / Standard & Poor’s” with the agency’s New York address, and the sheet closes with a link to the agency’s economic research portal.

Epstein answered in six words, two hours and eighteen minutes later:39

well do it again early novemeber?

The misspelling is his.39

No document read for this page answers that question. Searches of the released files under eight printed and damaged forms of her name located no reply to it, no later meeting, and no further message between the two of them in either direction. The correspondence between them, as the material read here holds it, ends on that line.40

The distribution list, 2014 to 2018

What she promised in that note is the one undertaking in the record that can be checked against later documents, and it was kept.

The earliest evidence that it took effect is 27 days after she gave it. On Friday 17 October 2014 an automatic reply left Epstein’s office in answer to a mailing whose subject line reads “From Beth Ann Bovino: S&P’s U.S. Weekly Economic Roundup: Don’t Stop Believin’”. The reply is signed “Lesley” and “Assistant to Jeffrey Epstein”.13

The mailings themselves are in the release. Six of them survive as the mail rather than as a reply to it, all sent from the agency’s bulk address, all headed “Dear colleague,” and all signed “Beth Ann Bovino / U.S. Chief Economist / Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services”. The one of 7 November 2014, which was forwarded into Epstein’s account, carries her reading of that month’s payroll figures:41

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reported that October was yet another month of solid job gains. Nonfarm payrolls rose 214,000, and the unemployment rate fell to 5.8% from 5.9% the previous month. Although it was great to see more folks coming back to the labor force and even more getting employed, the missing wage increase leaves more wanting. As the labor market’s underutilization of time and workers lessens, it is only a matter of time before the bargaining power of wages will shift to the workers.

41 The other five are dated 5 December 2014 (“More Elves for Santa”, also forwarded into his account), 12 December 2014 (“Holiday Up-Tempo”), 19 December 2014 (“A Spoonful Of Patience”), 22 December 2014 (“The Economy Spreads Some Holiday Cheer”) and 16 March 2015 (“Getting Better Slowly But Surely”).42

Seven further mailings survive only as the office’s automatic reply to them, and those replies run on long after the correspondence between the two of them stops. They answer mailings under the subjects “Don’t Stop Believin’” (17 October 2014), “Speed Bump” (6 April 2015), “Deja Vu” (undated on its own sheet), “S&P Global Now Expects The Federal Reserve Not To Raise Rates Until 2018” (7 August 2017), “Industrial Production Starts Slow And Inflation Picks Up Pace To Start The Year” (19 February 2018), “Jobs Hiccup In The Middle Of A Trade Spat” (April 2018) and “Strong Pickup In Growth Momentum—For Now” (23 July 2018), which is the last dated document in this page’s count.1343449

These are a mailing list, and a mailing list is not a relationship. By 2017 the sender name in the subject line is the agency’s, the product has changed from weekly to biweekly, and the agency itself has been renamed. Nothing in those documents shows her writing to Epstein, or him to her. What they do show is that the single administrative act she offered on 20 September 2014 was carried out and then ran on unattended for nearly four years.

The report she sent him

The report attached to her first reply is in the release in its own right.

It is Economic Research: How Increasing Income Inequality Is Dampening U.S. Economic Growth, And Possible Ways To Change The Tide, published on 5 August 2014 on Standard & Poor’s RatingsDirect platform. Its cover names her as the first of three contacts: “Credit Market Services: Beth Ann Bovino, U.S. Chief Economist, New York”, with Gabriel J Petek as secondary contact and John B Chambers as research contributor. It runs to 27 consecutively stamped sheets in the House Oversight production, beginning at the cover.12

Its own summary of itself, on printed page 4, includes:45

Standard & Poor’s sees extreme income inequality as a drag on long-run economic growth. We’ve reduced our 10-year U.S. growth forecast to a 2.5% rate. We expected 2.8% five years ago.

It also helps the U.S economy. Over the next five years, if the American workforce completed just one more year of school, the resulting productivity gains could add about $525 billion, or 2.4%, to the level of GDP, relative to the baseline.

The missing full stop in “U.S economy” is the report’s.45

The file name she attached, incomeinequality_08052014.pdf, carries that report’s publication date, and it is the reason the attachment can be identified at all: nothing in her message names the report, and the attachment itself is not in the release as an attachment.1112

How she is named in the files

A reader searching these files for “Beth Ann Bovino” will miss more than half of what is there.

The correspondence spells her “Beth Ann”. The breakfast entry in Epstein’s office diary spells her “Beth Anne”, on every copy of it, although the office’s people-to-see lists spell her “Beth Ann”. The two spellings are different strings to a search index, and across the ninety-two sheets on which one or the other appears they share exactly one: the sheet on which the office told Epstein the breakfast was booked, which spells it both ways. The salutations of messages sent to her use a third form, “Bethann”, with no surname at all, and four documents are reachable only through it. Two further documents print the forename as “Beth Mn”, which is damage in the released text rather than a spelling.7

Epstein and her sister use her forename alone. The three documents in which Epstein asks for her contact details and is answered do not print the surname anywhere, and no search for it reaches them.1415

And the message recording her arrival prints no forename at all. It calls her “Ms Bovino”, which is why it sits outside every search for the full name and had to be found through the surname alone.4

How this page was made, and what it does not cover

The 110 documents were assembled on 27 October 2026. One hundred and four of them came from searches of the released files for eight forms of the name: “beth ann bovino” (46 documents), “beth anne bovino” (44), “bovino beth ann” (30), “bovino beth” (30), “bethann” (13), “beth mn bovino” (2), “bethann bovino” (1) and “bethann.bovino” (1). Those sets overlap, and the union of them is 104 documents over 120 sheets. Six more were added by hand: two office diaries on which the surname is printed but the phrase is broken by a merged word, the houseman’s message naming her only as “Ms Bovino”, and three documents in which Epstein and her sister refer to her by forename alone. Every figure above was re-derived against a search that returns nothing (zero documents) and a search that returns a great many (567,984 documents), so that neither a silent failure nor a silent match could pass as a count.7

The 110 break down as follows, and the parts sum to the whole.

What they areDocuments
Office diaries, schedule circulations and people-to-see lists53
Correspondence between her and Epstein’s office, in all its copies36
Automatic replies from Epstein’s office to a Standard & Poor’s mailing7
Standard & Poor’s mailings themselves6
Epstein’s exchange with her sister, August 20132
Epstein’s exchange with her sister, August 20143
The research report of 5 August 20141
The office reminder of 28 August 20141
The message announcing her arrival1
Total110

The surname alone is not hers alone. Searching these files for “Bovino” returns 133 documents, of which 103 concern her or name her. The other 30 concern Kelly Bovino, her sister, who has her own page here and whose record in these files is a different matter entirely; a United States Border Patrol official of the same surname, in a 2025 news digest; a New Jersey law firm whose name ends in ”& Bovino, LLP”; and a contact list. None of those is this subject, and none is counted among the 110.46

Several things this page does not do.

It does not describe her professional work except where a document in the files describes it. It does not say what was discussed at the breakfast, because no document read for this page records that. It does not say whether Epstein’s question of 20 September 2014 was ever answered, only that no answer appears in the material read here. It does not explain her sentence about her doctorate, or her sister’s sentence about Epstein’s generosity, because nothing read for this page explains either of them, and this page does not supply a reading the documents do not support.4010

Of the 110 documents, thirty-two were read from their page images. The remainder were read only in the released text of the files, and where a quotation or a date on this page comes from one of those sheets alone, the footnote carrying it says so. Every sheet that was imaged was read at its native resolution: 96 dots per inch on the EFTA route, 300 on the House Oversight route, measured on each sheet rather than assumed.47

No contact value of hers is reproduced anywhere on this page: no e-mail address, no telephone number, no fax number and no private address. Two values that are Epstein’s own do appear, and both are published elsewhere on this wiki already: the e-mail address he wrote from, and the street address of his New York house, which his office gave her and which has a page of its own here. The business address printed in her own signature block is reproduced, because a corporate headquarters is not a contact value. No name on this page is supplied from anywhere other than a sheet this page cites and has read, and nothing on this page states what a producing party has withheld on any sheet.

Footnotes

  1. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Jeffrey Epstein, Subject “Great to see you last week”, Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 14:50:33 +0000. EFTA00997445 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch, the sheet’s native resolution, measured on the sheet. The sender field prints “Bovino, Beth Ann”. ↩

  2. E-mail, Lesley Groff to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Thu, 11 Sep 2014 21:11:50 +0000. EFTA00362687 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is quoted in full, followed on the sheet by the sign-off “Lesley” and “Sent from my iPhone”. The time given in the text is the Date: header’s own, which carries the offset +0000; New York was four hours behind Coordinated Universal Time on that date. ↩ ↩2

  3. E-mail, Lesley Groff to Jeffrey Epstein, copied to members of the household staff, Subject “Schedule Fri. Sept 12”, Sent: Friday, September 12, 2014 10:26 AM, a bare label field carrying no time zone. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_001397 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 300 dots per inch, the sheet’s native resolution, measured on the sheet. The diary entries are set in bold and italic on the sheet; the entry reads “9:00am BREAKFAST w/Beth Anne Bovino”, and the words “or sometime on Friday for Boris” close the same line. The sheet also carries the ten o’clock and half past ten interviews, the eleven o’clock appointment with Frederic Fekkai, an 11:30 appointment with David Mitchell, the film-centre afternoon with its street address, and the five o’clock call with George Church. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  4. E-mail, Merwin Dela Cruz to Jeffrey Epstein, Subject “Ms Bovino”, Sent: Friday, September 12, 2014 12:59 PM, a bare label field carrying no time zone. EFTA02589124 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, printed stamp EFTA_R1_01770256. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is the five words quoted, in full, and the sign-off “Merwin Dela Cruz”. Beneath the signature the sheet prints the message’s property list, including <key>date-received</key> and <integer>1410526743</integer>; that value is 12:59:03 on 12 September 2014 in Coordinated Universal Time, which is 8:59 a.m. in New York on that date, New York being four hours behind. The same convention reproduces on the reminder of 28 August 2014, which prints a bare field reading “3:46 PM” against a date-received of 1409240776, or 15:46:16 Coordinated Universal Time,. In both cases the bare field is Coordinated Universal Time, and both sheets were read at the image. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7

  5. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Jeffrey Epstein, Subject “Great to see you last week”, Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 14:50:33 +0000. EFTA00997445 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The quoted passage is the whole body. The capital in “Include” and the typographic apostrophe in “assistant’s” are the sheet’s and were read at the image at a four-times enlargement of the native raster. The released text of this sheet renders the research portal as “Economiclnsights” with a lower-case letter where the image prints a capital “I”; the form above is the image’s, read at the same enlargement. Her signature block below it reads “Beth Ann Bovino, PhD”, “U.S. Chief Economist”, “Standard & Poor’s”, “55 Water Street, 40 floor.” and “New York, NY 10041”, each on its own line, and the sheet closes “Please visit www.SPRatings.com/EconomicInsights to view S&P’s economic research.” Where this page sets a multi-line signature or header as one span, the slashes are this page’s and the line breaks are the sheet’s. The same block, and the same body quoted back, print on the sheet carrying Epstein’s reply: EFTA00997452 p.1 of a two-sheet run, also read at the image. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6

  6. E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein to Kelly Umekubo, Subject “Re: Real estate recovery vs. the Fed”, Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2013 14:40:36 +0000, quoting her message of the same morning in full. EFTA00967879 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. Epstein’s reply is the two words quoted and the doubled space before the comma is on the paper. Her quoted message is given above in three separate spans, each complete as printed, and the ellipses within them are hers. A second copy of her message is in the release, EFTA02574026 p.1, in which the released text carries export damage; nothing is quoted from that copy, and the text above is the clean copy’s as read at the image. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  7. How the 110 were assembled, and the controls on the count. Searches of the released full-text index were run on 27 October 2026 against the sheet-level index, column-scoped and never by pattern match. The eight name forms returned, by document: “beth ann bovino” 46, “beth anne bovino” 44, “bovino beth ann” 30, “bovino beth” 30, “bethann” 13, “beth mn bovino” 2, “bethann bovino” 1, “bethann.bovino” 1. Those sets overlap, and their union is 104 documents over 120 sheets. “beth ann bovino” returns 49 sheets and “beth anne bovino” 44, and they share exactly one of the 92 on which one or the other appears, EFTA02588023, which is why both had to be run. Six further documents were added by hand: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_001375 and HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_001387, office diaries on which the surname is printed but a merged word defeats the phrase; EFTA02589124, which names her only as “Ms Bovino”; and EFTA00995344, EFTA00627132 and EFTA01980304, in which she is named by forename alone. Total 110. The generated damaged forms of the surname were also run and returned nothing: “B0vino” 0, “Bovin0” 0, “Bovlno” 0, “Bevino” 0, “Bavino” 0. Controls: a query shaped identically to the others but on an invented string returns 0 documents, and one on a string the release is full of returns 567,984 documents, so neither a silent syntax failure nor a silent universal match could have passed as a figure here. The classification table above was produced by reading each of the 110 and its parts sum to 110. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  8. Thirteen of the 110 documents print her name in a sender field: EFTA00362688, EFTA00363717, EFTA00363721, EFTA00363730, EFTA00363736, EFTA00363936, EFTA00365039, EFTA00365045, EFTA00995356, EFTA00997445, EFTA02097372, EFTA02098863 and EFTA02099807. They carry ten distinct messages, three of which survive in two copies each; ten plus three reconciles to thirteen. The ten are her replies of 12 August 2014 at 20:43, 20:53 and 21:08; the automatic out-of-office reply of 28 August 2014; her messages of 3 September 2014 at 13:29, 14:33, 14:43 and 14:44; her message of 11 September 2014 at 21:19; and her note of 20 September 2014. All times are the sheets’ own +0000 headers. The enumeration was made by reading each sheet; the search that confirms it is a secondary check, and it is stated this way round deliberately. ↩ ↩2

  9. Automatic reply from Epstein’s office, Subject “I will be out of the office July 23-29 Re: From Beth Ann Bovino: U.S. Biweekly Economic Roundup: Strong Pickup In Growth Momentum—For Now”, Sent: Mon 7/23/2018 3:45:14 PM, a bare label field carrying no time zone. EFTA02251399 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, printed stamp EFTA_R1_01038603. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is signed “Assistant to Jeffrey Epstein”. The released text of this sheet renders the subject line with a long dash; the image prints two hyphens, and the form above is the image’s. This is the latest dated document in this page’s count. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  10. An absence claim, scoped to what was read. Every one of the 110 documents was read in full, and on each of the other 30 returned by the bare surname the passage carrying the surname was read. None records a payment, a fee, an invoice, a donation, a reimbursement or a request for one, in either direction, between Jeffrey Epstein or any entity of his and Beth Ann Bovino or Standard & Poor’s. The point of running the surname search as well as the name forms is that a payment record names a payee by surname: the financial documents among the 133 are FedEx invoices, a bank-era trust instrument and a travel report, and every one of them names her sister rather than her. Her sister’s sentence of 24 August 2013 about “your generosity” and her own sentence of 12 August 2014 about her doctorate are the only two statements in the material read here that touch on anything given or received, and neither names a sum, a date, an instrument or a recipient. This page does not treat either as evidence of a payment. What no search run for this page can reach is a payment recorded in a document naming neither party; no search of any kind would return such a document, and this page does not claim otherwise. ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  11. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Jeffrey Epstein, Subject “RE: saw you on the news”, Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2014 20:43:13 +0000, with the header line Attachments: incomeinequality_08052014.pdf. EFTA00995356 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The quoted passage is the whole body, in four spans as the sheet sets them. The released text of this sheet reads “Nice to hear from youl”; the image prints “Nice to hear from you!”, and the exclamation mark above is the image’s. “sited” is what the image prints, at the same enlargement, and is not corrected. The attachment itself is not in the release as an attachment; the file name is the only record of it on this sheet. The sixteen-minute interval is the difference between the quoted 4:27 PM label and this sheet’s own +0000 header, converted to one clock. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  12. Economic Research: How Increasing Income Inequality Is Dampening U.S. Economic Growth, And Possible Ways To Change The Tide, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, RatingsDirect, 5 August 2014. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_025763 p.1, the report’s cover. Read from the page image at 300 dots per inch, the sheet’s native resolution, measured on the sheet. The cover prints the agency’s logo above “McGRAW HILL FINANCIAL”, the title, the three contact lines quoted in part above, and the table of contents, and is footed “WWW.STANDARDANDPOORS.COM/RATINGSDIRECT AUGUST 5, 2014 1”. The report runs as 27 consecutively stamped sheets, HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_025763 to HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_025789, whose own printed page numbers run 1 to 27; that mapping was checked sheet by sheet against the printed footers. The telephone numbers and e-mail addresses printed on the cover are not reproduced here. ⚠ The released text held under the first identifier carries the whole report rather than that one sheet; quotations above are pinned to the sheet whose printed footer carries them. ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  13. Automatic reply from Epstein’s office, Subject “I will be out of the office Oct. 17-20 Re: From Beth Ann Bovino: S&P’s U.S. Weekly Economic Roundup: Don’t Stop Believin’”, Sent: Fri 10/17/2014 9:45:22 PM, a bare label field carrying no time zone and shown above to be Coordinated Universal Time. EFTA02093525 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, printed stamp EFTA_R1_00693726. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The sender field prints “Lesley Groff” and the body is signed “Lesley” and “Assistant to Jeffrey Epstein”. This is the earliest document in this page’s count showing a mailing under her name reaching Epstein’s office. The interval of 27 days is counted from her message of 20 September 2014. ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  14. E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein to Kelly Umekubo, no subject line printed, Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2014 15:14:18 +0000. EFTA00995344 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is quoted in full and begins with the bare comma shown. The reply quotes the message back under the header line “On Aug 12, 2014, at 8:14 AM”, seven hours behind the Date: header’s Coordinated Universal Time, which is the offset of the Pacific time zone in August; that arithmetic is the whole basis for the sentence above, and no document read for this page states where she was. ↩ ↩2

  15. E-mail, Kelly Umekubo to Jeffrey Epstein, Subject “Re:”, Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2014 18:14:21 +0000. EFTA00627132 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The two spans quoted are the first two paragraphs of the body, each complete as printed. The body continues with a sentence about finding a family photograph, which is not restated here. A second copy is EFTA01980304 p.1, read in the released text of the files only. ↩ ↩2

  16. E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “saw you on the news”, quoted in her reply under the header “From: jeffrey E. [mailto:[email protected]] / Sent: Tuesday, August 12, 2014 4:27 PM”, a label field in New York local time, four hours behind the Coordinated Universal Time of the Date: header on the reply. EFTA00995356 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The quoted body is the whole message as printed, including the doubled spaces and the lower-case signature. The same message prints again on EFTA00365037 p.1, also read at the image. It prints a third time on EFTA00365039 p.2, read in the released text of the files only. ↩

  17. E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein to Beth Ann Bovino and Lesley Groff, Subject “Re: saw you on the news”, Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2014 20:46:53 +0000. EFTA00365037 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is quoted in full. The recipient field prints “Bovino, Beth Ann” and “Lesley Groff”. The spelling “cooridinate” and the spacing are the sheet’s. The same message prints again on EFTA00365039 p.1, also read at the image, where the quoted label line reads “Sent: Tuesday, August 12, 2014 4:47 PM”. ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  18. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Jeffrey Epstein and Lesley Groff, Subject “RE: saw you on the news”, Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2014 20:53:31 +0000. EFTA00365039 p.1 of a three-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is quoted in full. The typographic apostrophes in “won’t”, “I’m” and “I’ll” are the sheet’s. ↩

  19. E-mail, Lesley Groff to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Jeffrey Epstein.”, Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2014 21:06:49 +0000. EFTA00365044 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, read in the released text of the files only; the same message is quoted back in full on the next sheet in the thread, EFTA00365045 p.1. A further copy is EFTA02099795 p.1. ↩

  20. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Lesley Groff, Subject “RE: Jeffrey Epstein.”, Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2014 21:08:57 +0000, and Groff’s reply of Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2014 21:09:45 +0000. EFTA00365045 p.1 and EFTA00365046 p.1, each the whole run of one sheet, read in the released text of the files only. Further copies are EFTA02099807 p.1 and EFTA02099846 p.1. ↩

  21. E-mail reminder to Jeffrey Epstein’s account, Subject “Reminder: Beth Ann Bovino in Sept.”, Sent: Thursday, August 28, 2014 3:46 PM, a bare label field carrying no time zone and shown above to be Coordinated Universal Time. EFTA02517873 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, printed stamp EFTA_R1_01653310. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is the single sentence quoted, in full. The released text of this sheet reads “Reminder. Beth Ann Bovino in Sept.”; the image prints a colon, and the subject line above is the image’s. ↩

  22. E-mail from Epstein’s office to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Thu, 28 Aug 2014 17:02:00 +0000. EFTA00363935 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is quoted in full, and the ellipses are the sheet’s. The sign-off ends “Assistant to Jeffrey Epstein”. ↩

  23. Automatic reply, Beth Ann Bovino’s mail system to Epstein’s office, Subject “Out of Office: Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Thu, 28 Aug 2014 17:02:03 +0000. EFTA00363936 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is quoted in full. The released text of this sheet reads “access to entails”; the image prints “access to emails”, and the word above is the image’s. ↩

  24. E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein to his office, quoted back in the reply under a header line dated 1 September 2014 at 7:08 PM, a label carrying no time zone. EFTA00363616 p.2 of a two-sheet run. Read in the released text of the files only; the first sheet of the same run was read at the image at 96 dots per inch. Only the eight words of his own message are quoted above; the header line is described rather than quoted, because the released text of this sheet renders part of it damaged and the sheet was not imaged. ↩

  25. E-mail from Epstein’s office to Jeffrey Epstein, Subject “People To See List”, Date: Tue, 02 Sep 2014 01:15:31 +0000. EFTA00363616 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The list is set in italic, one name to a line, and the names given above were read from the image. Two further copies of the same list are EFTA01751018 pp.1–2 of a three-sheet run, and EFTA02723383 pp.1–2 of a three-sheet run, both read in the released text of the files only. ↩

  26. E-mail from Epstein’s office to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 12:18:56 +0000. EFTA00363713 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is quoted in full, with its salutation. The sign-off ends “Assistant to Jeffrey Epstein”. The same message is quoted back in full on later sheets in the thread, five of which were read at the image: EFTA00363717, EFTA00363721, EFTA00363726, EFTA00363730 and EFTA00363736. ↩

  27. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Epstein’s office, Subject “meeting with Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 13:29:50 +0000. EFTA00363717 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The quoted passage runs from the second line of the body to the sign-off and is complete as printed. The line above it is a salutation, and it is not quoted. The seventy-minute interval is the difference between the quoted 8:19 AM label on the invitation, which is New York local time, and this sheet’s own +0000 header, converted to one clock. ↩

  28. E-mail from Epstein’s office to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Re: meeting with Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 13:36:58 +0000. EFTA00363718 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, read in the released text of the files only. The body is the three sentences quoted, in full. ↩

  29. E-mail from Epstein’s office to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Re: meeting with Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:17:34 +0000. EFTA00363720 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, read in the released text of the files only; the same sentence is quoted back on four sheets in this thread that were read at the image at 96 dots per inch, namely EFTA00363721, EFTA00363726, EFTA00363730 and EFTA00363736, each at p.1, and the wording above is theirs. The ellipses are the sheet’s. ↩

  30. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Epstein’s office, Subject “RE: meeting with Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:33:09 +0000. EFTA00363721 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is the single line quoted, in full. ↩

  31. E-mail from Epstein’s office to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Re: meeting with Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:42:50 +0000. EFTA00363726 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The two lines quoted are the whole body, and the typographic apostrophe in “Jeffrey’s” is the sheet’s. The same two lines print again, quoted back, on EFTA00363730 p.1, also read at the image. ↩

  32. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Epstein’s office, Subject “RE: meeting with Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:43:15 +0000. EFTA00363730 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is the single line quoted, in full, and the leading space before the figure is on the sheet. The interval given in the text is between this header and the 14:42:50 header on the message it answers; the two sheets’ headers both carry the offset +0000. ↩

  33. E-mail from Epstein’s office to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Re: meeting with Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:43:44 +0000 and, in a second copy of the same message, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:44:00 +0000. EFTA00363728 p.1 and EFTA00363732 p.1, read in the released text of the files only. Her reply of Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:44:35 +0000 is EFTA00363736 p.1, read from the page image at 96 dots per inch, and a further copy is EFTA02098863 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Nothing is quoted from any of these four sheets, and no number of any kind is reproduced from them. ↩

  34. E-mail from Epstein’s office to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Re: meeting with Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:44:22 +0000. EFTA00363734 p.1 of a two-sheet run, read in the released text of the files only; a further copy is EFTA02098853 p.1 of a three-sheet run. The body is the three words quoted, in full. ↩

  35. E-mail, Lesley Groff to Jeffrey Epstein, copied to members of the household staff, Subject “Beth Ann Bovino”, Sent: Wednesday, September 3, 2014 2:45 PM, a bare label field carrying no time zone and shown above to be Coordinated Universal Time. EFTA02588023 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, printed stamp EFTA_R1_01768837. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The sender field prints “Lesley Groff”. The body is the single sentence quoted, in full, followed by the diary page for 12 September 2014 and the two further lines quoted. The diary entry on this sheet spells the forename “Beth Anne” while the sentence above it spells it “Beth Ann”, and both are reproduced as printed. ↩ ↩2

  36. E-mail, Beth Ann Bovino to Lesley Groff, Subject “RE: Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Thu, 11 Sep 2014 21:19:45 +0000. EFTA00362688 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is the single line quoted, in full. A further copy is EFTA02097372 p.1, whose bare label field reads “Thur 9/11/2014 9:19:45 PM”, the same instant in Coordinated Universal Time. ↩

  37. E-mail, Lesley Groff to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Re: Jeffrey Epstein”, Date: Thu, 11 Sep 2014 21:23:35 +0000. EFTA00362690 p.1, the whole run of one sheet. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is the two words quoted, in full, followed by “Sent from my iPhone”. ↩

  38. E-mail, Lesley Groff to Jeffrey Epstein, Subject “Woody Allen”, Date: Thu, 11 Sep 2014 18:12:59 +0000, forwarding a message from Woody Allen’s office and printing the next day’s diary beneath it. EFTA00362657 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. This is the copy that carries the 8:15 appointment with David Mitchell above the breakfast entry. A second copy of the same diary, sent to Epstein under the subject “Boris” on 11 September 2014, adds the six o’clock appointment with Boris Nikolic: EFTA02589025 p.1, read in the released text of the files only. ↩

  39. E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein to Beth Ann Bovino, Subject “Re: Great to see you last week”, Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 17:08:12 +0000. EFTA00997452 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The body is the six words quoted, in full. The interval given is between this header and the 14:50:33 +0000 header on the message it answers. ↩ ↩2

  40. An absence claim, scoped to the searches that support it. Searches of the released full-text index were run on 27 October 2026 for “beth ann bovino”, “beth anne bovino”, “bovino beth ann”, “bovino beth”, “bethann bovino”, “bethann”, “bethann.bovino” and “beth mn bovino”, and separately for the bare surname “bovino” and for every indexed word beginning “bovin”. Every document those searches returned was enumerated, and the 110 in this page’s count were opened. No document among them carries a reply to Epstein’s message of 20 September 2014, records a meeting between the two of them other than the breakfast of 12 September 2014, or carries any message between them after 20 September 2014. What the searches cannot reach is stated plainly: a message under neither name, a meeting recorded only in a document naming neither of them, and anything not in the release at all. The live positive control for the query shape is the surname search itself, which returns 133 documents; the negative control, an invented string, returns none. ↩ ↩2

  41. E-mail forwarded into Jeffrey Epstein’s account, Subject “Fwd: From Beth Ann Bovino: S&P’s U.S. Weekly Economic Roundup: Solid As A Rock”, Date: Fri, 07 Nov 2014 22:51:34 +0000, enclosing the Standard & Poor’s mailing of Date: November 7, 2014, 5:26:48 PM EST. EFTA00359088 p.1 of a two-sheet run. Read from the page image at 96 dots per inch. The quoted paragraph is the whole of the mailing’s body under the salutation “Dear colleague,”, and it is signed “Beth Ann Bovino / U.S. Chief Economist / Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services”. The images in the mailing did not load when it was captured and the sheet prints their placeholder labels in their place. ↩ ↩2

  42. Standard & Poor’s mailings in the release, each sent under the subject form “From Beth Ann Bovino: …” and each signed by her: Date: Fri, 05 Dec 2014 23:17:16 +0000, forwarded into Epstein’s account (EFTA00357376 p.1 of two, “More Elves for Santa”); Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 22:59:19 +0000 (EFTA00356975 p.1, “Holiday Up-Tempo”); Date: Sat, 20 Dec 2014 01:19:39 +0000, dated 19 December in its own body (EFTA00355820 p.1, “A Spoonful Of Patience”); Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 19:04:03 +0000 (EFTA00355936 p.1, “The Economy Spreads Some Holiday Cheer”); and Date: Mon, 16 Mar 2015 15:28:01 +0000 (EFTA00351235 p.1, “Getting Better Slowly But Surely”). All five read in the released text of the files only. The sixth is the mailing of 7 November 2014, which was read at the image. ↩

  43. Automatic replies from Epstein’s office of Sent: Mon 4/6/2015 1:25:09 PM (EFTA02081912 p.1, subject line naming “Speed Bump”) and one which this page leaves undated (EFTA02055599 p.1, subject line naming “Deja Vu” and an absence from the office “April 9-17”). Both read in the released text of the files only, and in that released text the second sheet’s Sent: line resolves only to a weekday, which is why no date is given for it here. That sheet was not read at the image, so this page makes no claim about what the paper carries. ↩

  44. Automatic replies from Epstein’s office of Sent: Mon 8/7/2017 1:53:44 PM (EFTA02219393 p.1), Sent: Mon 2/19/2018 2:00:14 PM (EFTA02237778 p.1) and one dated only “April 9-15, 2018” in its own subject line (EFTA02245726 p.1), all read in the released text of the files only. Their subject lines carry the mailing titles quoted above. The 2017 and 2018 subject lines name the sender as “S&P Global” rather than “Standard & Poor’s”, and two of them read “U.S. Biweekly Economic Roundup” where the 2014 and 2015 mailings read “U.S. Weekly Economic Roundup”. ↩

  45. The same report, printed page 4. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_025766 p.1, the whole run of one sheet, footed “AUGUST 5, 2014 4”. Read from the page image at 300 dots per inch. The quoted passages are the second and fourth of five bullets in the box headed “Overview”, each given in full. The bullet glyph itself is not reproduced: the mark on the paper is a lemniscate rather than a round bullet, the released text of this sheet renders it as two letters and the released text of the run renders it as a round bullet, and none of the three agrees with the others. The text of each bullet is unaffected. The other three bullets concern the threshold at which inequality harms growth, the wage premium on a college degree, and the risk of over-correction, and are summarised rather than quoted above. ↩ ↩2

  46. The bare surname “bovino” returns 133 documents. One hundred of those are in the name-form union above (the other four in that union carry the salutation “Bethann” and no surname at all, so they fall outside this 133); three more are hers and were added by hand, the two office diaries and the message announcing her arrival. That leaves 30, and none of them is this subject. They are: the federal criminal and civil record concerning Kelly Bovino, her sister, including the arrest-warrant application and the government’s opposition to it, a trial transcript, a docket sheet, an interrogatory response, a witness list and a travel report (eleven documents in the Department of Justice production); FedEx invoice sheets recording packages addressed to Kelly Bovino (fourteen documents); an EFTA copy of the Maxwell defence witness list naming her (one); an Epstein trust instrument naming her (one); a 2025 press digest reporting an alleged murder-for-hire plot against a United States Border Patrol official of the same surname (one); a New Jersey federal docket naming the law firm “Meagher Emanuel Laks Goldberg & Bovino, LLP” (one); and a contact list naming her (one). Each was opened and read; none is this subject acting, writing or being corresponded with. The parts sum: 11 plus 14 plus 1 plus 1 plus 1 plus 1 plus 1 is 30, and 100 plus 3 plus 30 is 133. ↩

  47. Thirty-two of the 110 documents were read from their page images. They are: EFTA00359088, EFTA00362657, EFTA00362687, EFTA00362688, EFTA00362690, EFTA00363616, EFTA00363713, EFTA00363717, EFTA00363721, EFTA00363726, EFTA00363730, EFTA00363736, EFTA00363935, EFTA00363936, EFTA00365037, EFTA00365039, EFTA00627132, EFTA00967879, EFTA00995344, EFTA00995356, EFTA00997445, EFTA00997452, EFTA02093525, EFTA02097338, EFTA02098283, EFTA02251399, EFTA02517873, EFTA02588023, EFTA02589124, HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_001397, HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_025763 and HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_025766. The resolution was measured on each sheet rather than assumed: every EFTA sheet above is an 816 by 1056 raster at 96 pixels per inch, and every House Oversight sheet a 300 dots-per-inch image served as it was produced. No sheet was rendered above its native resolution, because upsampling a 96 pixel-per-inch scan adds no detail and makes a guess look like a reading. Where a character was in doubt, the native raster was enlarged four or five times and measured against the other characters on the same line. Six of the places where the released text and the paper disagree were settled at the image and are recorded in the footnotes above. Where a multi-line signature or header is set here as a single span, the slashes between its lines are this page’s punctuation and not the sheet’s. ↩

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