| Named on the documents as | Gerald Edelman, Gerald M. Edelman, Prof Gerald M Edelman, Gerry Edelman, Jerry Edelman, Dr. Edelman, Dr Edelman and, in one mailbox, Edelman Dr. Gerald. The documents reached by his full name and the documents reached by his nickname are two disjoint sets. There is not one document in common1 |
| Money, and what it was for | 1 February 2003. A filed Form 990-PF of THE C.O.U.Q. FOUNDATION, INC. records, on the schedule of contributions paid for the year ending 28 February 2003, the line 2/1/03 Neurosciences Research Foundation, Inc. 250,000. It is the largest single grant that foundation reported paying in that entire fiscal year. The payee is the research foundation of the institute he founded and directed. It is not a payment to him, and this page does not write it as one. His name is not on the sheet, and no search on his name reaches it2 |
| The one document in this record he wrote | 13 February 2013. A reply from Gerald M. Edelman, subject RE: Jeffrey Epstein, opening Dear Lesley, then Let him try, then Regards, and GME3 |
| The approach that came from his side | 11 October 2010. His Executive Assistant at The Neurosciences Institute to Epstein’s assistant, subject Dr. Edelman: Dr. Edelman would like to contact Jeffrey Epstein. Could you please tell us the best way to get in touch with him? Nine days later the dinner happened45 |
| He telephoned the office himself | 16 June 2010. Epstein’s assistant to Epstein, subject Dr. Edelman: Dr. Edelman called to give me his new cell number and to send you his regards. I have udatcd his cell in the computer and on your scientist list. Read the last five words6 |
| His institute solicited Epstein on his account | 22 October 2009. The Vice President for Institute Relations to Epstein’s assistant, asking how to reach Epstein to ask his advice and participation in a project I am working on for Dr. Edelman7 |
| What was done with his words, seven years on | 15 October 2010. A correspondent asks Epstein’s permission to publish testimonial quotations which repeats your name over and over, which is what drives things to the top of the search list, and prints a sample. His magazine quotation is in it, with its first two words replaced by Epstein’s full name89 |
| Four courier consignments | 1999, 2001, 2002 and 2002. Four FedEx shipments on Epstein’s account, consigned to DR GERALD EDELMAN, JERRY EDELMAN and GERALD M EDELMAN, two of them to his foundation at the institute. The sender lines are Epstein’s company, Zorro Ranch, NYSG LLC and G MAXWELL10 |
| His approval as a gate | 20 April 2010. A conference organiser hunting a brain-and-music speaker asks Epstein for one WHO ALSO EDELMAN WILL APPROVE OF AS WELL...?11 |
| What the record does not contain | Any document in which he asks for money, acknowledges money, or mentions the grant; any statement of purpose for the grant on the return that records it; any second payment to his institution from any Epstein entity in this release; any account of what was in the four envelopes; any statement by him about Epstein other than the one magazine quotation; and any document written by him other than the reply of 13 February 201312 |
| Covered elsewhere on this wiki | Murray Gell-Mann · Lisa Randall · Ben Goertzel · Steve Bannon · Barbro Ehnbom · Mark Tramo · Al Seckel · Lesley Groff · C.O.U.Q. Foundation |
Gerald Maurice Edelman (1929 to 2014) was an immunologist and neuroscientist, joint winner of
the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work on the chemical structure of antibodies,
the author of the theory of neuronal group selection he called Neural Darwinism, and the founder
and director of The Neurosciences Institute in La Jolla, California. He stands in this release in
the position this wiki looks for and rarely finds: not only as a name on somebody else’s list,
but as a party who acts. His own Executive Assistant asks Epstein’s office for a way to reach
him. Epstein’s assistant records that he telephoned her unprompted and left a number. An officer
of his institute solicits Epstein’s advice and participation for Dr. Edelman. His office reports
that he has rearranged two evenings so that he can see Epstein. He replies in writing, over his
own initials. And money moves: a quarter of a million dollars to the research foundation of his
institute, recorded on a filed information return. Two of those acts, the telephone call and
the rearranged evenings, reach this page as reports written by Epstein’s assistant rather than as
documents he wrote, and they are marked as reports where they appear below.
The money is the thing this page is most careful about. The payee on that line is the Neurosciences Research Foundation, Inc. It is not a payment to him, and nothing on this page says it is. What the return establishes is that a private foundation controlled by Jeffrey Epstein recorded a payment of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars to the research foundation of the institute Gerald Edelman founded and led, on 1 February 2003, and stated no purpose for it. His name is not printed anywhere in the 177 sheets of that filing package. The route to this document runs through the institution, never through the man, and that is why no earlier pass on this page found it.
This page does not inflate its subject. He is one of roughly a dozen eminent scientists in this correspondence, and much of what carries his name is other people’s lists. What distinguishes his file is narrow and it is real: the grant, the reply he signed, and the fact that on at least four separate occasions the first move came from his side of the relationship.
Several sheets named below also carry material about private third parties. Nothing of that kind is reproduced, described, counted or located here. Each footnote states positively what was taken from its sheet. Private third parties stand on a number of these sheets. Every one of them is described here by role only and none is named. Three documents that carry his name, or a form of it, are excluded from this page altogether, because they are filings and depositions in survivors’ proceedings and because what they contain about him is either a denial or a refusal given identically to ten other names; they are treated where they belong, at Ben Goertzel and Steve Bannon.13
The name is the first finding
An earlier screen on this subject searched "gerald edelman" and returned 91 documents.
That is not his footprint. It is one spelling of it.
Measured for this page, over every sheet in the release that carries the surname as a token, whitespace-normalised, case-insensitive, and with hyphenated line breaks repaired:
| form of the name | documents |
|---|---|
full-name forms (gerald edelman, gerald m. edelman, gerald m edelman, prof gerald m edelman) | 103 |
diminutive forms (gerry edelman, jerry edelman, and the damaged gcrry edelman) | 58 |
dr. edelman and dr edelman | 35 |
the inverted mailbox form edelman dr. gerald | 6 |
damaged forms (edeiman, edelaman) confirmed to be him | 3 |
| union of every form, after removing four documents confirmed to name a different bearer | 188 |
of those, reached only through a Dr. Edelman form and therefore probable, not certain | 24 |
| documents beyond the 91 that earlier screen reached | 97 |
| documents reachable only through a diminutive | 58 |
| documents carrying the bare surname, of which the great majority are other people and one furnishings brand | 493 |
The overlap between the 103 full-name documents and the 58 diminutive documents is zero.
Not small: zero. A reader searching this release for Gerald Edelman will not find the dinner
of 20 October 2010, the call list of July 2011, the reports of his death, or the courier
consignment of August 2001, because every one of those sheets calls him Jerry or Gerry.
Which of these figures are counted and which are judged. The 103, 58, 35, 6, 3, 188, 97 and
493 are counted. Which of the 35 Dr. Edelman documents are his is a judgement: 11 of them also carry
a forename on the same sheet, and the remaining 24 are held here as probable and are not leaned on
for any finding on this page. No finding on this page rests on a bare surname. The one place
a bare surname is quoted, it is quoted as a bare surname and flagged.14
Two earlier passes on this page put different totals on this subject, 191 and 183. Neither reproduces here, and this page publishes its own decomposition rather than either figure. Thirteen invented control forms, each a one-character or two-character corruption of a form that returned a non-zero count in the same pass, all returned zero.1
1999 to 2002: four envelopes
The earliest dated contact in this file is not correspondence. It is freight. Four FedEx consignments on Epstein’s account, identified by four distinct tracking numbers, are addressed to him. Copies are grouped; the unit here is the shipment, not the sheet.
| delivered | tracking | sender side | consignee |
|---|---|---|---|
JuI31. 1999 1034 | 806208096317 | J EPSTEIN 8 CO INC | DR GERALD EDELMAN |
Aug 17, 2001 11:20 | 792435763992 | ZORRO RANCH over JEFFREY E EPSTEIN | JERRY EDELMAN |
Jan 24, 2002 08:51 | 802395473731 | NYSG LLC | GERALD M EDELMAN, NEUROSCIENCES RESEARCH FOUNDAT |
Oct 29, 2002 10:43 | 837169384201 | G MAXWELL over JEFFREY E EPSTEIN | DR GERALD EDELMAN, NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH FOUNDATI |
Three of these four were settled at the image at 400 dpi. The 1999 row is a released-text
reading of a sheet that was not opened, printed above exactly as the released text returns it,
damage and all, and no character in it is mended. The August 2001 shipment was
Dropped off: Aug 16, 2001, Payor: Shipper, a FedEx Pak weighing 2.0 lbs, 0.9 kgs, signed
for by L.MURPHY. The January 2002 and October 2002 shipments were FedEx Envelope,
1.0 lbs, 0.5 kgs. All four print Reference: NO REFERENCE INFORMATION, the 1999 one in the
released text only. What was inside is not on any of these sheets.10
Two of the consignee lines name his foundation, the two do not spell it alike, and both are
cut off at the width of the field. The January 2002 sheet prints
NEUROSCIENCES RESEARCH FOUNDAT and the October 2002 sheet prints
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH FOUNDATI, with no S. These are two different shipments on two
different invoices, not two copies of one sheet. A search of this release on the
institution’s correct name does not return either sheet. It returns two documents in the whole
release, and both of them are the tax filing in the next section.210
The endorsement, and what the sheet does and does not date
In a magazine profile of Epstein he is quoted, by name, at length, in his own words. The sheet was read at the image at 400 dpi. Read the sentences that come immediately before the quotation, because they are the reporter’s frame and not his:
But it is his covey of scientists that inspires Epstein’s true rapture. Epstein spends $20 million a year on them — encouraging them to engage in whatever kind of cutting-edge research might attract their fancy. They are, of course, quite lavish in their praise in return. Gerald Edelman won the Nobel Prize for physiology and medicine in 1972 and now presides over the Neurosciences Institute in La Jolla. “Jeff is extraordinary in his ability to pick up on quantitative relations,” says Edelman. “He came to see us recently. He is concerned with this basic question: Is it true that the brain is not a computer? He is very quick.”9
Documented fact that the magazine printed these words as his, and credible allegation as
to the fact they assert. The sentence He came to see us recently is his own account of a visit
by Epstein to the institute, and it is the only such account in this release.
An earlier pass on this page identified this article as Vanity Fair’s
“The Talented Mr. Epstein” and dated it to March 2003. That is wrong, and the sheet says so.
The piece carries the byline Author E-mail: Landon Thomas Jr., it says of Epstein that he
did not offer one to this magazine, and eight sheets in it reports:
Friends of Epstein say he is horrified at the recent swell of media attention around him (Vanity Fair is preparing a megaprofile, and the Villard House office has had a barrage of calls from other media outlets).9
So this article precedes the Vanity Fair profile; it is not the Vanity Fair profile. The
first sheet of the same document carries a headline, present in the released text only:
Jeffrey Epstein: International Moneyman of Mystery. That sheet was not opened and no
character-level claim is made about it. No sheet of this document carries a publication date
or names the magazine that ran it, and this page therefore does not date the endorsement and does
not place it before or after the grant of 1 February 2003. The earlier
pass built a question on those two events falling in the same few weeks. The question was built
on a misidentification and it is withdrawn here, not repeated.
Vanity Fair’s profile is separately in the release, and in it he is named and not quoted. Its
passage reads that among Epstein’s admirers are a gaggle of distinguished scientists, most of whom Epstein has helped fund in recent years. They include Nobel Prize winners Gerald Edelman and Murray Gell-Mann, and mathematical biologist Martin Nowak, and then characterises what these men say without quoting any of them. On that sheet he is a list entry.15
Seven documents in this release carry his quotation, not the fourteen the earlier pass reported. Five are copies of the Landon Thomas article, one is a web compilation excluded here, and the seventh is the 2010 solicitation in the section below.9
1 February 2003: Neurosciences Research Foundation, Inc. 250,000
One sheet, read at the image at 400 dpi. It is headed THE C.O.U.Q. FOUNDATION, INC.. /
13-3996471 / FORM 990-PF Y/E 2/28/03, marked STATEMENT 2, and sub-headed
PART I, LINE 25 AND PART LINE 3 / CONTRIBUTIONS PAID / UNRESTRICTED - CASH. It lists
eighteen payments and totals them. The fifteenth line reads, across its columns:
2/1/03 | Neurosciences Research Foundation, Inc. | 250,0002
The superlative was checked rather than assumed, and it is stronger than the earlier pass
stated. All eighteen rows were read at the image; they sum to 1,245,000, which is the total
printed under them; and the sheet of the return itself that this statement supports was also
read at the image. That sheet is Form 990-PF (2002), Page 10, Part XV,
Grants and Contributions Paid During the Year or Approved for Future Payment. Against
a Paid during the year it prints Statement 2 and nothing else, its Total ▶3a is 1,245,000,
and against b Approved for future payment it prints NONE with Total ▶3b of 0.
Statement 2 is therefore the whole of the grants this foundation reported paying in the year
ending 28 February 2003, and 250,000 is the largest single one. The next largest is
5/30/02 Harvard University 200,000. Documented fact, on a filed information
return.2
Money to an institution is not a payment to a person. Two structural facts on the return
sheet say so. The recipient column of Part XV is headed Name and address (home or business)
and the column beside it, If recipient is an individual, show any relationship to any foundation manager or substantial contributor, is blank for the entire schedule. And the column headed
Purpose of grant or contribution is blank too. The return states no purpose for the
$250,000.2
His name appears nowhere in the 177 sheets of this filing package. Every sheet was searched
for it. The document reaches him only through the name of his institution, and the phrase
Neurosciences Research Foundation occurs in exactly two documents in this entire release, both
of them productions of this same filing.2
What the 177 sheets do show is how unusual this line is. The package carries the C.O.U.Q.
Foundation’s returns across eight fiscal years, from a Form 990-PF for 1999 to the year ending
28 February 2007. The contributions-paid schedule itself was located and read for seven of the
eight, with totals 100,000, 845,000, 1,245,000, 1,008,203, 844,227, 1,125,133 and
1,186,000; for the eighth, the 1999 return, only the 3,000 total on the return’s own Part XV
was located and the schedule behind it was not. The Neurosciences Research Foundation stands on
exactly one of the seven schedules, and a search of all 177 sheets returns its name on that one
sheet and nowhere else. Documented fact, and bounded to this filer and these years: one
grant, once, and never again.2
The same schedule ties this page to two others. The 2/28/03 schedule carries
Santa Fe Institute twice, at 50,000 and 100,000, and Stockholm School of Economics at
25,000. Santa Fe is the institute co-founded by Murray Gell-Mann and
it stands on five of the seven schedules located, among them a line reading
11/27/2006 Santa Fe Institute 75,000, which is the same date, the same payee and the same
amount as the check whose memo line reads For Murray Gell-Mann Research at that page.
That line is read from the released text of a sheet that was not opened. The Stockholm School of
Economics also stands on five of the seven, and the fund held there is the subject of
Barbro Ehnbom. Neither of those relationships is restated here.
The finding that belongs to this page is the contrast: on this filer’s books, the institutions
of the other two subjects are recurring recipients and his institution is a single
line.216
August 2009: the institute in Epstein’s eye
On 2 August 2009 Epstein answered a correspondent who had asked whether his friend was
rbt adelman or howard adelman with four words: gerry edelman institute for neuro science. Two
days later the same correspondent wrote to him: I'm touring neurosciences institute tomorrow.
Documented fact that these messages were written. Neither says he was there, and nothing
in this release records the tour taking place.17
22 October 2009: a project I am working on for Dr. Edelman
An officer of his institute wrote to Epstein’s assistant asking how to reach Epstein. The
message is signed Rachel A. Jonte, Vice President for Institute Relations,
The Neurosciences Institute, and its substance is one sentence:
I was wondering what would be the best way of scheduling a phone call to Jeffrey, or if you could let me know when a good time to call him would be. I wanted to reconnect and say hello to him and also to ask his advice and participation in a project I am working on for Dr. Edelman.7
Epstein’s assistant forwarded it with a covering line of her own: How do you wish me to respond?
and Dr Edelman put you in touvh with her awhile ago I believe! The damage in that line belongs to the
released text and is not mended here.
What this establishes, at the tier of documented fact: that an institutional officer solicited Epstein’s advice and participation in a project she describes as being for Gerald Edelman, and that Epstein’s own office believed Edelman had made the introduction. What the project was is not stated on this sheet or on any other sheet located for this page.12
February to October 2010: his approval as a condition, and then his platform
His name operates twice in the recruitment of a Stockholm conference, once as a gate and once as an inducement. The conference itself, the Swedish-American Life Science Summit, and the relationship that ran it belong to Barbro Ehnbom and are not restated here. What belongs here is the use made of him.
On 22 February 2010 the organiser wrote to Epstein asking whether he knew of
nobelprize laurate Gerald M Edelman who now is doing research on Defining Conciousness.18
On 20 April 2010 she wrote again, hunting a speaker for the brain-and-music slot, and asked Epstein for a candidate, in her own capitals:
WHO ELSE BRAIN/MUSIC CONNECTION SCIENTIST! SPEAKER SALSS IN STH OCT 1 WHO ALSO EDELMAN WILL APPROVE OF AS WELL…?11
Documented fact: his approval was treated as a condition on somebody else’s invitation. Whether he was ever asked, or ever gave or withheld an opinion, is not established by this sheet or by any other read for this page.
The candidate she had in mind declined. The document that carries her invitation is, on its
first sheet, the refusal: a reply from the office of the neurologist she had approached, saying he
was recuperating from surgery and at this point it does not look like he will be ready to travel to Europe by September. Her invitation is quoted beneath it, and his name is used twice in it:
once as an inducement, We would be most honored to have you join our roster of speakers, which also includes your good friend and colleague Prof Gerald M Edelman, and once as programme,
The next morning, Nobel Laureate Gerald Edelman will speak, hopefully preceded by H.M.King Carl XVI Gustaf having welcomed us to Sweden. The first evening was to be a reception at
the residence of the United States Ambassador.19
On 7 October 2010 the conference was reported back to Epstein in five words about him.
Epstein’s office relayed: Barbro called to say the conference went very, very well. Jerry Edelman's presentation was fabulous. Epstein replied great„ call week of 18th. He delivered
it. Credible allegation, being one participant’s report of another’s performance, relayed
through a third party.20
16 June 2010: he telephoned, and a list is revealed
One sheet, two findings in one sentence. Epstein’s assistant to Epstein, subject
Dr. Edelman:
Dr. Edelman called to give me his new cell number and to send you his regards. I have udatcd his cell in the computer and on your scientist list.6
The first finding is that the call came from him, unprompted. The second is in the last five
words: Epstein’s office maintained a standing scientist list, and Gerald Edelman was a record
on it that got updated. Nothing below that sentence is taken from this sheet. The
damage udatcd is the released text’s and is not mended.
October 2010: he asks for a way in, and the dinner is held
On 11 October 2010, at 18:50:31, his Executive Assistant wrote to Epstein’s assistant. Read at
the image at 400 dpi. Subject Dr. Edelman, addressed Dear Leslie,:
Dr. Edelman would like to contact Jeffrey Epstein. Could you please tell us the best way to get in touch with him?4
She signs Diana Eshelman, Executive Assistant to Gerald M. Edelman, M.D., Ph.D.,
The Neurosciences Institute. The next morning Epstein’s assistant forwarded it to him with
three questions of her own: Would you like him to call your cell? Or shall he call the office and I connect him to your cell? Do we set a time? Nothing else is taken from this
sheet.4
Epstein answered by fixing a date. That evening he wrote to his assistant a message whose
entire body is gerald edelman oct 20th at 6 30 pm; she replied Great.5
The next morning he invited a third person. His message, in full:
gerald edelman , one of the smartest men , is coming for dinner on the 20th„ , come , just you.
The doubled punctuation is the sheet’s and is not mended. The guest asked
He's 81 so I assume he eats early? and, on the line below it, What time?, and Epstein answered
630-7. The guest is
named on these sheets. Her status could not be established, the burden is inverted, and she is
described here by role only. No name and no initial is given for her.5
He was 81 in October 2010. That is a corroboration of identity and nothing more.
On 20 October the office ran the meal, and the whole run stands on one sheet, on one clock.
At 11:33 AM Epstein’s assistant wrote:
Both Dr. Edelman and [the other guest] have no dietary restrictions...let me know what you would like us to order! (Dr. Edelman says he will eat anything). At 11:42 AM Epstein replied
chicken. At 11:45 AM she answered I will have the chicken parm ordered from Scalinatella tonight!. At 11:58 AM Epstein wrote only for them.5
Nine days, from an approach made by his office to the food on the table, and the host was not
eating. No document located for this page records what was discussed, or confirms after the
event that the dinner took place. What is documented is that it was arranged in full and that the
day-sheet for 20 October carried it: You have dinner tonight with Jerry Edelman and [the other guest] at 6:30.512
15 October 2010: the words, resold
Five days before that dinner, a correspondent asked Epstein for permission to run a reputation
campaign, and showed him the copy. Read at the image at 400 dpi. The message opens
I need to ask before I do something... and continues:
Do you have any objection for me contacting some of your supporters and getting some quotes on your behalf that I can publish on the web?
Below is an example of how I am doing it, which repeats your name over and over, which is what drives things to the top of the search list. Also, at the same time it stresses the positive. I could use similar examples from Murray, Marvin, Howard, etc. I can use all the examples below because they have been published.8
Seven sample blurbs follow, attributed to a former President, a former chief executive of Bear Stearns, two Harvard professors, a technologist, a professor of engineering, and him. His reads:
“Jeffrey Epstein is extraordinary in his ability to pick up on quantitative relations. He came to see us recently. He is concerned with this basic question: Is it true that the brain is not a computer? He is very quick.” - Gerald Edelman, Nobel Prize laureate8
Set that beside the magazine sheet, which was also read at the image. The magazine prints
"Jeff is extraordinary in his ability to pick up on quantitative relations," says Edelman. The
blurb prints "Jeffrey Epstein is extraordinary in his ability to pick up on quantitative relations. Documented fact: the first two words of
his quotation were replaced with Epstein’s full name, and the covering note in the same message
states the reason: repetition of the name is what drives things to the top of the search list.89
The sample was assembled carelessly, which bears on how much weight any of it will take: two of the seven blurbs are word-for-word identical and are attributed to two different professors.8
Eight days earlier Epstein had proposed the same operation in his own words, in a message to
the same correspondent: my suggestion is that we use the twenty or so scientists that i have funded. murray , seth lloyd trivers, edelman, smmlin, hillis, and use their stories as web page hits.. epstein funded so and so, could be the web page for forbes. etc.. That sheet gives
edelman as a bare surname with no forename anywhere on it. 493 documents in this release carry
that surname and most of them are other people. This page quotes the list as a list of surnames
and does not treat the word as an attribution. The question it raises, and does not answer, is
whether the edelman in Epstein’s roster of funded scientists is this man.14
January 2011: proposed by his office, declined, and remade
On 12 January 2011, in a message his own sheet times On Jan 12, 2011, at 12:59 PM, Epstein’s
office reported an approach from his side:
Diana from Dr Edelaman’s office called to firm up the plans for the evenin= of Mon Jan 17th. Dr Edelman was thinking around 6:30-7:00 for arrival…? =Wondering if it will be dinner? May I confirm both?
Epstein’s whole reply, on the same sheet and on the same clock at
Wednesday, January 12, 2011 5:54 PM, is four words: Will not be in town. This
quotation was attributed by an earlier pass on this page to two identifiers, neither of which
carries it. One of them has no message body at all. It is pinned here to the sheet that prints
it.21
The next day his office moved twice. Epstein’s assistant reported:
Dr. Edelman has already rescheduled his Monday evening and had started shuffling things around for Tues. 18th so he could come and sec you ..he is asking if at all possible you could see him at 5:00 on Tues. 18th (before dinner he said)
May I schedule this for you?
Epstein’s reply is one word: yes. The damage sec for see is the released text’s and is not
mended.22
Documented fact: an offer made on his side, declined on Epstein’s, and remade on his side at the cost of two rearranged evenings. No document located for this page records the 18 January meeting taking place.12
13 February 2013: the one document he wrote
One sheet, read at the image at 400 dpi, Bates EFTA_R1_00807572. The header prints
From: Gerald M. Edelman, Sent: Wed 2/13/2013 9:15:10 PM, Subject: RE: Jeffrey Epstein.
The whole of what this page takes from the body of his message is four lines:
Dear
Let him try
Regards,
GME3
Nothing else whatever is taken from this sheet, and this page makes no statement of any kind about anything else that stands on it.
It is a reply, and the message it answers is quoted on the same sheet. Epstein’s assistant had written that morning:
Hello Dr. Edelman. Jeffrey would like to speak with you…might you have some time to talk today?
Please let me know!…and if so, what number should he call you on?23
Her copy of that message signs Lesley / Assistant to Jeffrey Epstein, and the recipient line
files him under his institution before his own name, as Neurosciences Research Edelman Dr. Gerald. That inverted form is the only route into six documents in this release, and no
search on his name in any ordinary order reaches them.231
Epstein’s assistant answered him the same evening, on a sheet timed
Sent: Wed 2/13/2013 9:19:52 PM: terrific. I will let him know and pass along the number. and,
on the line below it, thanks, Lesley. She then wrote to Epstein:
Please try calling Dr. Edelman...he is available. He hopes you can call in the next 10 minutes or so... Epstein’s reply to that, timed on his own sheet Sent Thur 2/14/2013 12:41:26 AM, is
four words: send me his email. No interval between any two of these four messages is
stated here, because no two of their times are printed on one sheet on one clock.24
A complete two-way exchange inside one day, with both parties acting: the office asks, he
answers in writing over his initials, the office relays, he is reported available and waiting, and
Epstein asks for a further means of reaching him. The Sent: lines on these sheets are not
all on one clock: some print in coordinated universal time and some in the local time of the
writer, and the same message is stamped differently on different sheets. This page quotes each
timestamp exactly as its own sheet prints it and derives no interval that is not printed on a
single sheet. An earlier pass on this page put ten hours between the two messages by comparing
two clocks.25
Undated, after 2011: the sentence about him that nobody edited
A ten-sheet draft of website copy for the Jeffrey Epstein VI Foundation is in the release with
its revisions still showing. Read at the image at 400 dpi. The insertions and strikethrough
described below are the document’s own tracked changes, made by whoever drafted it, and are
nothing else. Under the heading
Support of Leading Scientists, a whole paragraph about a single scientist is struck through, and
a broader claim is inserted in its place: In addition to Dr. Martin Nowak, Jeffrey Epstein has supported the work of countless eminent scientists and Nobel Laureats around the world.
The sentence that follows was rewritten around its list and the list itself was left alone.
Struck: In fact, Mr. Epstein has supported the research of. Inserted: In list and includes.
And in the middle of the paragraph, in unrevised black type, stands Gerald Edelman, Murray Gell-Mann, Stephen Hawking, Kip Thorne, Marvin Minsky, Lawrence Krauss, and Gregory Benford.
An earlier pass on this page reported his name as being inside the revision. It is not. It is
in the part nobody touched. What the redlining shows is an editor moving a sponsorship claim
from a specific and checkable statement about one named scientist to an unbounded one about
countless eminent scientists, while leaving the seven-name list standing as the only concrete
thing in the paragraph. Documented fact as to the editing. Whether the claim the list
supports is true of him is not established by this draft, which is promotional copy written by
or for the foundation, and the misspelling Nobel Laureats is in the inserted text.26
17 to 20 May 2014: the news travels
He died in May 2014. This release does not establish the date. It establishes when Epstein was told.
A correspondent wrote to Epstein under the subject quit, on a sheet timed
Sent Saturday, May 17, 2014 5:03:55 PM: Gerry Edelman passed away. You probably know this.
Nothing else is taken from that sheet.
Epstein wrote back two words and a question mark, on a sheet timed
Sent Mon 5/19/2014 12:49:37 PM: gerry edelman , when? The answer he got, on a sheet timed
Sent: Mon 5/19/2014 1:20:52 PM, was not a date: I think the day or day before I sent that email. No interval between these messages is stated here; their times are printed on
different sheets and the one sheet that carries two of them carries them on two different
clocks.
On a sheet timed Sent: Tue 5/20/2014 1:47:46 PM his office reported a third-hand arrival of
the same news:
Howard Gardner called to catch up...he says he read that Jerry Edelman died!27
The released text of the 19 May reply renders Epstein’s quoted words as gcrry edelman. That is
a statement about the released text of that sheet, which was not opened, and not about its ink.
It is the damaged form that matters most for searching, because no list of predicted
misspellings reaches it: it turns a e into a c in a diminutive that is itself outside the
full-name search.271
2 July 2018: the name as a template
Four years after his death Epstein used him as a model for something he was proposing to somebody else. The message, in full as it bears on him:
i think making a foundation plan ala gerry edelman to find the supersmarts is much more fun. but i understand if you still want to build your operating room cred.28
The correspondent is not identified on the sheet and is not named or described here beyond
being a surgeon, which is what the thread below it says of him. Documented fact that
Epstein wrote it. What a foundation plan ala gerry edelman meant to him is not stated anywhere
in this release.
Elsewhere in the papers: the lists
He is also, repeatedly, a name on other people’s lists, and those collapse hard. A list is one
thing however many times it recurs, and copies are not corroboration. The recurring roster of
scientists that ends gerald edelman ,, its irregular spacing and its reach across this release,
is read at the image and measured at Lisa Randall and is not restated
here. His name prints there in lower case, so a case-sensitive search of that page for him
returns nothing. The undated sheet headed Scientist's to Visit Jeffrey, on which his line is
blank, is read at the image at Murray Gell-Mann. The sheet headed
List of Scientists! that names Jerry Edelman is at Mark Tramo. Epstein’s
prepared answer naming him among his mentors is at
Murray Gell-Mann.16
Two smaller list documents are his own and belong here. On 7 July 2011 Epstein’s assistant
sent him a call list headed Call List (let me know when you wish to start) whose first line is
Jerry Edelman.29 And on 13 September 2010 a correspondent proposed to Epstein a
Neuro Nobel Roundtable, listing a Panel for discussion of five in which gerry edelman stands
second, with a proposed $10K honorarium plus $2000 plane for each, and called it
the first COUQie Nobel Round Table. COUQie is that correspondent’s diminutive for the same
foundation whose return records the $250,000. No document located for this page records the
roundtable happening.30
And on 15 December 2009 Epstein wrote to a correspondent, inside a subject line that runs on
into the message: the issues that i told you and gerry edelman ten years ago. is that money is like blood for the system.. its nothin to be ashamed. of.. come and get some counseling.
Question. Epstein places a conversation with him around 1999, which is the year of the
first courier consignment, and nothing in this release corroborates that conversation or dates
it.31
What this page does not establish
This page is about documents. Where they stop, it stops. Specifically:
- It does not establish that he asked for the $250,000, knew of it, was told of it, or had any part in obtaining it. No covering letter, grant agreement, acknowledgement, board minute or thank-you was located, in any direction, for any date.12
- It does not establish a purpose for the grant. The return’s own purpose column is blank.2
- It does not establish that the grant was solicited by his institute, although an officer of
his institute solicited Epstein’s
advice and participationin an unnamed project for him six years later.7 - It does not establish the order of the grant and the endorsement. The endorsement sheet carries no date. The earlier pass on this page that put them in the same few weeks was relying on a misidentification of the magazine.9
- It does not establish what was in any of the four envelopes, or who signed for the 1999 one beyond the initial and surname printed on the invoice.10
- It does not establish that the dinner of 20 October 2010, the tour of August 2009, the meeting of 18 January 2011 or the Neuro Nobel Roundtable took place. Each is documented up to the point of arrangement and no further.12
- It does not establish his date of death from this release. The only sheet that reports it
gives no date, and the only answer to Epstein’s direct question is
I think the day or day before I sent that email.27 - It does not establish whether he appears in the one run of this release that the local copy does not hold. That run was re-queried against the released files themselves for this subject, at the sheet level: 0 of its 170 sheets carry his surname, against 24 that carry Epstein’s. He is genuinely absent from it.32
- It says nothing whatever about the condition of any sheet cited here beyond the words quoted from it. No statement anywhere on this page describes, locates, counts or characterises any mark applied to any sheet in the course of its production. Two statements on this page are about unfilled columns of a printed tax form and one is about the drafter’s own strikethrough in a draft; neither kind of thing is a mark applied in production, and neither is offered as one.
- It does not treat a bare surname as an attribution. 493 documents in this release carry the surname. Four of them were returned by a form measurement run for this page, were read at the sheet, and were removed as another bearer: three are the furnishings company Edelman Leather and one is a county property roll. The rest of the 493 were not swept name by name for this page. An earlier internal pass reported having separated them and named a dozen other bearers. That separation was not re-verified here and no count of it is published on this page.1
Footnotes
Footnotes
-
Name-form measurement run for this page on 2026-10-01, against the full-text index of this release. Method, stated so that it can be repeated: the candidate pool is every sheet returned by the index for the tokens
edelman,edeimanoredelaman, which is 597 sheets in 493 documents; each sheet’s text is lower-cased, its whitespace collapsed withre.sub(r'\s+',' ',t), and a second view is built in which a hyphen followed by a line break is removed, so that a word broken across a line is reachable; every form is then tested against both views. Counts, all COUNTED:gerald edelman93 sheets / 91 documents;gerry edelman40/40;jerry edelman17/17;dr. edelman28/28;dr edelman8/8;gerald m. edelman10/10;gerald m edelman3/3;edelman dr. gerald6/6;prof gerald m edelman1/1;edeiman2/2;edelaman2/2;gcrry edelman1/1;g. edelman1/1;g edelman3/2;neural darwinism11/7. Returned zero:edelman, gerald,professor edelman,edel man,edel-man,ede1man,eclelman,gerald edelmann,jerrold edelman,gerrey edelman. Thirteen invented controls, each a one-character or two-character corruption of a form that returned a non-zero count in the same pass, all returned zero:zzdelman,gerald qxelman,gerry zzdelman,jerry zzdelman,dr. zzdelman,gerald m. zzdelman,zzdelman dr. gerald,edeizman,gcrry zzdelman,edelazan,neural zzarwinism,gerald zzdelman,prof gerald m zzdelman. Four documents returned by the initial-form and damaged-form tests were read and removed as another bearer: three are the furnishings companyEdelman Leatherand one is a county property roll. The overlap between the full-name set of 103 documents and the diminutive set of 58 is zero. ⚠ The 35Dr. Edelmandocuments are PROBABLE, not certain: 11 carry a forename on the same sheet, and the remaining 24 are corroborated only by their Epstein-orbit context. No finding on this page rests on one of those 24, and none rests on a bare surname. ⚠ Two earlier internal passes gave 191 and 183 for this footprint. Neither figure reproduces on any grouping this pass could construct, and the decomposition above is published in place of either. ⚠ The forms tested are not exhaustive: no edit-distance enumeration was run, two productive damaged forms (gcrry,edelaman) were found only by hand after reading sheets, so assume a third. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 -
Form 990-PF, Return of Private Foundation, THE C.O.U.Q. FOUNDATION, INC., EIN
13-3996471, for the year ending 28 February 2003, inside a 177-sheet production of that foundation’s returns. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00224262 . Two sheets of it VERIFIED AT THE IMAGE at 400 dpi. The schedule stands on p. 80 (1-indexed, as this site serves it; the local extraction numbers itpage_number79), and the sheet’s own Bates stamp isEFTA00224341. From that sheet this page takes the four heading lines, the single line2/1/03 Neurosciences Research Foundation, Inc. 250,000, the line5/30/02 Harvard University 200,000, the printed total1,245,000, the two Santa Fe Institute lines and the Stockholm School of Economics line. All eighteen rows were read at the image and they sum to the printed total, which is why this footnote can say the schedule is complete as extracted. The return sheet that this statement supports stands on p. 76 (databasepage_number75), BatesEFTA00224337, and was also VERIFIED AT THE IMAGE at 400 dpi; from it this page takesForm 990-PF (2002),Page 10,Part XV, the line-3 heading, the wordsStatement 2againsta Paid during the year, theTotal ▶3afigure1,245,000, the wordNONEagainstb Approved for future payment, theTotal ▶3bfigure0, and the fact that thePurpose of grant or contributioncolumn and the column headedIf recipient is an individual, show any relationship to any foundation manager or substantial contributorcarry no entry anywhere on the schedule. ⚠⚠doc_typetypes this documentfinancial.tax; a second production of the same filing package, at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00192298, carries the same schedule at its p. 140 and is typedblank.white. Neither type is a filter and neither was relied on. Block S was run on both documents at the sheet level: across 177 and 327 sheets,victim,complainant,massage,jane doe,minor,underage,accuser,sexual abuse,plaintiff,grand jury,sentencing,impact statement,crime victim,restitution,cvraanddoe vall return zero, and armed controls (zzvictimzz,jane zzdoe,complainzznt,sexual zzabuse,zzmassage) also return zero. All 177 sheets were searched for his name and it is on none of them. Seven annual contributions-paid schedules in this production were located and read in the extraction, for the years ending 28 February 2001 (p. 49,Statement 3, total100,000), 28 February 2002 (p. 65,Statement 4,845,000), 28 February 2003 (p. 80,Statement 2,1,245,000), 29 February 2004 (pp. 98 and 117, two copies ofStatement 2,1,008,203), 28 February 2005 (pp. 134 to 135,Statement 5,844,227), 28 February 2006 (p. 149,Statement 5,1,125,133) and 28 February 2007 (p. 171,Statement 6,1,186,000). An eighth year is in the package, a Form 990-PF for 1999 whose Part XV total of3,000stands at p. 30, and its schedule was not located. Only the 2/28/03 schedule carries the Neurosciences Research Foundation, and six of the seven located schedules are cited from the text layer only and were not opened. Measured over all 177 sheets of the extraction:santa fe institutestands on schedules for five of the seven years andstockholmon five of the seven;EFTA00224262p. 171, the 2/28/07 schedule, is one of the sheets NOT opened, and the11/27/2006 Santa Fe Institute 75,000line quoted in the body is a text-layer reading only. The phraseneurosciences research foundationreturns two documents in this release, both productions of this filing; armed controlszzeurosciences research foundationandneurosciences zzesearch foundationreturn zero. ⛔ Nothing else on any sheet of this production is reproduced, characterised or relied on, including every other recipient not named above. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8 ↩9 -
E-mail,
From: Gerald M. Edelman,Sent: Wed 2/13/2013 9:15:10 PM,Subject: RE: Jeffrey Epstein, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02148268 p. 1 (1-indexed; databasepage_number0; the sheet’s own Bates stamp isEFTA_R1_00807572). VERIFIED AT THE IMAGE at 400 dpi. From this sheet this page takes the three header lines quoted, the four body lines quoted, and the quoted header and body of the message he is replying to. ⛔⛔ Nothing else whatever is taken from this sheet, and this page makes no statement of any kind about anything else standing on it. ⚠ The database records this document’semail_dateas2013-02-14; the sheet prints2/13/2013. The field is normalised and the sheet is authoritative. Three further copies are at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00953739, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01761799 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02722790; none was opened and none is relied on. Block S on this document and onEFTA00953739: every term zero. ↩ ↩2 -
E-mail, Lesley Groff to Jeffrey Epstein,
Sent: Tue 10/12/2010 11:59:41 AM,Subject: Fw: Dr. Edelman, forwarding a message ofSent: Mon Oct 11 18:50:31 2010fromDiana Eshelman,Executive Assistant to Gerald M. Edelman, M.D., Ph.D.,The Neurosciences Institute, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02418052 p. 1 (1-indexed; databasepage_number0; the sheet’s own Bates stamp isEFTA_R1_01483182). VERIFIED AT THE IMAGE at 400 dpi. From this sheet this page takes the four header lines, the three questions that are the whole of Groff’s own text, the salutationDear Leslie,, the two sentences that are the whole of Eshelman’s text, and the three lines of her signature block down toThe Neurosciences Instituteand no further. ⛔⛔ The postal address, telephone, fax and mail lines below that point are on this sheet and none of them is reproduced, described or located here. ⚠ The extraction of this sheet corrupts the recipient line; the line is not reproduced in either layer. ⚠ Eshelman’s spelling of Groff’s forename in the salutation is her own and is not corrected. Block S: every term zero. Three further copies are at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02418043, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02532257 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02684674; none was opened and none is relied on. See Lesley Groff. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 -
Five one-sheet e-mail prints and one two-sheet print, all TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. Epstein to his assistant,
Sent: Tuesday, October 12, 2010 10:03 PM, whole bodygerald edelman oct 20th at 6 30 pm: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02532398 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01676267). His assistant’s reply,Sent: Wed 10/13/2010 12:20:42 AM, whole bodyGreat.: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02417698 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01482673). Epstein to a guest,Date: Wed, 13 Oct 2010 12:11:12 +0000, whole bodygerald edelman , one of the smartest men , is coming for dinner on the 20th„ , come , just you: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00778261 p. 1. Epstein’s reply to her,Date: Wed, 13 Oct 2010 13:16:24 +0000, whole body630-7, quoting her two questions: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00778269 p. 1 of two sheets; p. 2 carries only export boilerplate and nothing is taken from it. The meal thread, whose whole run from11:33 AMto11:58 AMstands on one sheet on one clock: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02420845 p. 1 of two sheets (BatesEFTA_R1_0 1486924as the extraction renders it); from p. 1 this page takes the four messages quoted and their four printed times, and from p. 2 nothing. The day-sheet note,Sent: Wed 10/20/2010 11:37:55 AM,Subject: Dinner tonight: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02417493 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01482373). ⛔⛔ A third guest is named on five of these sheets. Her status could not be established, the burden is inverted, and she is referred to here by role only: no name, no initial, no description beyond being the other guest at the dinner. Her own words are quoted only as far as the two questions about the hour, which are about him. ⛔ No address or handle is taken from any of these sheets. Block S on all six documents: every term zero. ⚠ The doubled punctuation in Epstein’s invitation and the spacing inoct 20th at 6 30 pmare the sheets’ and are not mended; these are extraction-layer readings and no character-level claim is made about the ink. Further copies of the invitation and of the guest’s reply are at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00897177, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01980429, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02416024, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02418078, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01980872, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02416050, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02421078, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02420973 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02421032; none was opened, and they are grouped as copies of the same thread rather than counted as corroboration. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 -
E-mail, Lesley Groff to Jeffrey Epstein,
Sent Wed 6/16/2010 4:53:35 PM,Subject: Dr. Edelman, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02412884 p. 1 (1-indexed; databasepage_number0; the sheet’s own Bates stamp isEFTA_R1_01474654). The run is 1 sheet. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the two sentences quoted and nothing else. ⛔ The line below them is not reproduced, paraphrased or characterised, and nothing on this page depends on it. ⚠udatcdis the extraction’s rendering and is not mended; the sheet was not opened and no character-level claim is made about it. Block S: every term zero. See Lesley Groff. ↩ ↩2 -
E-mail, Lesley Groff to Jeffrey Epstein,
Sent: Thur 10/22/2009 8:59:43 PM,Subject: Fw: Phone call to Jeffrey, forwarding a message ofSent: Thu Oct 22 16:50:34 2009fromRachel A. Jonte,Vice President for Institute Relations,The Neurosciences Institute, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02438730 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01512063). The run is 1 sheet. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes Groff’s two lines, the three sentences of Jonte’s message quoted, and the three lines of her signature block down toThe Neurosciences Instituteand no further. ⛔⛔ The postal address, telephone, fax and mail lines below that point are on this sheet and none of them is reproduced, described or located here. ⚠touvhis the extraction’s rendering of Groff’s line and is not mended. ⚠ The database gives this document’semail_dateas2009-10-23; the sheet prints10/22/2009. Block S: every term zero. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 -
E-mail,
From: "Al seckel",To: "Jeffrey Epstein",Subject: ANswer quickly,Date: Fri, 15 Oct 2010 14:52:16 +0000, two sheets. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00754348 p. 1 (1-indexed; databasepage_number0; the sheet’s own Bates stamp isEFTA00754348). The run is 2 sheets. p. 1 VERIFIED AT THE IMAGE at 400 dpi. From p. 1 this page takes the four header lines, the three paragraphs of his own text quoted in full, the blurb attributed to Gerald Edelman quoted in full, and the fact that two of the seven sample blurbs are word-for-word identical and are attributed to two different professors. The second sheet, BatesEFTA00754349, carries the tail of the samples and was not opened; nothing is taken from it beyond the count of seven. ⚠ The blurbs attributed to the other six people are not reproduced here, save that the body names their roles, because the finding is the alteration of his own and not the content of theirs. ⭐ The alteration is a character-level claim and both sheets that carry it were opened at 400 dpi: the magazine sheet prints"Jeff is extraordinaryand this sheet prints"Jeffrey Epstein is extraordinary. Block S: every term zero. See Al Seckel. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 -
Magazine profile of Jeffrey Epstein, nine sheets, byline
Author E-mail: Landon Thomas Jr.https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00013640 . Two sheets VERIFIED AT THE IMAGE at 400 dpi: p. 6, BatesEFTA00013645, from which this page takes the passage quoted in full, fromBut it is his covey of scientiststoHe is very quick.", and p. 8, BatesEFTA00013647, from which this page takes the parenthesis about Vanity Fair and the byline line, and nothing else. ⚠ Neither of the two sheets opened carries a headline. The headlineJeffrey Epstein: International Moneyman of Mysteryis returned by the extraction of p. 1, which was NOT OPENED, and is reported as a text-layer reading only. ⛔⛔ No sheet of this document carries a publication date or names the magazine that ran it, and this page supplies neither. What the document establishes about its own position in time is exactly two things: that it postdates a visit to Africa it callslate-September, and that Vanity Fair had not yet published its profile. ⚠⚠ An earlier internal pass identified this article as Vanity Fair’s “The Talented Mr. Epstein” and dated it to March 2003, and built a question on the grant and the endorsement falling within weeks of each other. Both the identification and the date are wrong on this sheet’s own evidence, and the question is withdrawn. The quotation was measured across the release: seven documents carry it. Four further copies of this article are at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00214257 p. 6, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00214660 p. 6, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00221107 p. 6 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00259779 p. 5; none was opened and none is relied on. ⛔⛔ A sixth document carrying the quotation, a hundred-sheet web compilation, is deliberately not cited on this page: Block S on it returnsvictimon 16 sheets,massageon 26,underageon 26,minoron 13,sexual abuseon 6 andgrand juryon 17, and an earlier internal pass listed it in an inventory of press copies without measuring it. Block S onEFTA00013640: every term zero across all nine sheets. ⛔ The rest of this article concerns Epstein’s finances, other named people and other allegations, and none of it is reproduced or characterised here beyond the three sentences of frame quoted, which are quoted because the endorsement cannot honestly be read without them. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 -
Four FedEx shipments, identified by tracking number, across seven documents typed
financial.invoice. Copies are grouped; the unit is the shipment. Three sheets VERIFIED AT THE IMAGE at 400 dpi. The August 2001 shipment, tracking792435763992: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01315139 p. 8, BatesEFTA01315146, opened at 400 dpi; from it this page takesDropped off: Aug 16, 2001,Payor: Shipper,Reference: NO REFERENCE INFORMATION, the tracking number,FedEx Standard Overnight,FedEx Pak,2.0 lbs, 0.9 kgs,Delivered Aug 17, 2001 11:20,Signed by L.MURPHY, the sender namesZORRO RANCHandJEFFREY E EPSTEIN, and the consignee nameJERRY EDELMAN. The January 2002 shipment, tracking802395473731: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01317428 p. 3, BatesEFTA01317430, opened at 400 dpi; from it this page takesPicked up: Jan 23, 2002, the tracking number,FedEx Standard Overnight,FedEx Envelope,1.0 lbs, 0.5 kgs,Delivered Jan 24, 2002 08:51,Signed by L.MURPHY, the sender entityNYSG LLC, and the consignee linesGERALD M EDELMANandNEUROSCIENCES RESEARCH FOUNDAT, which is where the sheet itself stops, at the width of the field. ⚠⚠ An earlier internal pass gave this sender entity asNVSG LLC. At the image it isNYSG LLC. The October 2002 shipment, tracking837169384201: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01317889 p. 6, BatesEFTA01317894, opened at 400 dpi; from it this page takesDropped off: Oct 28, 2002, the tracking number,FedEx Priority Overnight,FedEx Envelope,1.0 lbs, 0.5 kgs,Delivered Oct 29, 2002 10:43,Signed by T.VERIA, the sender namesG MAXWELLandJEFFREY E EPSTEIN, and the consignee linesDR GERALD EDELMANandNEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH FOUNDATI, again as the sheet stops. ⛔⛔ The sender line of this shipment was settled at this one image and at no other. No copy of it was compared with any other copy, and this page states nothing about how any other copy renders it. The July 1999 shipment, tracking806208096317: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01319723 p. 6, BatesEFTA01319728. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From it this page takes only the tracking number,Picked up: Jul 30, 1999,Delivered JuI31. 1999 1034as the extraction renders it, the company nameJ EPSTEIN 8 CO INCas the extraction renders it, and the consignee nameDR GERALD EDELMAN. ⚠⚠ The extraction of that sheet interleaves the sender and recipient columns and this page makes no claim about which of its tokens sits in which column beyond the consignee name, and no character-level claim about any of them. ⛔⛔ Street lines are printed on several of these sheets and not one of them is reproduced, described or located here, nor is any account number. A private individual is named on the sender line of the January 2002 shipment; her status could not be established and she is not named here. Block S on all seven documents, across 7, 8, 8, 8, 3, 11 and 11 sheets: every term zero. The other three documents, grouped as copies, are https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00219713 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01319303 for the August 2001 shipment and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01313785 for the October 2002 shipment. ⛔ None of the three was opened, none was compared with anything, and this page states nothing whatever about how any of them renders any field. ⚠ Four of these seven documents carry aCONFIDENTIALlegend and a second production stamp from a criminal case. They are business records of a courier company, Block S on them is clean, and nothing is taken from them but the shipment fields listed above. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 -
Forwarded Gmail print,
Tue, Apr 20, 2010 at 1:26 PM,Fwd: Barbro och tjejer, two sheets. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00727213 p. 1; p. 2 carries only the browser furniture and nothing is taken from it. The run is 2 sheets. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From p. 1 this page takes the one sentence quoted, in the capitals in which the sheet prints it. ⛔ The rest of the message concerns a luncheon, a named third party and a named neurologist’s health, and none of it is reproduced beyond what the next footnote requires. Block S: every term zero. See Barbro Ehnbom. ↩ ↩2 -
Statements of absence on this page are bounded to the documents read and returned for it and to the full-text index of this release, measured 2026-10-01. They are not assertions that no such document exists anywhere. Specifically: no document in which he asks for money, acknowledges money, or refers to the grant of 1 February 2003 was located, in either direction, for any date; no covering letter, grant agreement, acknowledgement or board minute for that grant was located; no statement of purpose for it appears on the return that records it; no second payment to the Neurosciences Research Foundation or to The Neurosciences Institute was located, and the institution’s name was measured across the whole release and returns two documents, both productions of the same filing; no record of what was in any of the four courier envelopes was located, the reference field on every one of the four reading
NO REFERENCE INFORMATION; no document recording that the dinner of 20 October 2010 took place, or what was discussed at it, was located; no document recording the institute tour of August 2009, the meeting proposed for 18 January 2011, or the Neuro Nobel Roundtable taking place was located; no document identifying theproject I am working on for Dr. Edelmanwas located; no statement by him about Jeffrey Epstein other than the single magazine quotation was located; no document written by him other than the reply of 13 February 2013 was located; and no sheet in this release was located that states his date of death. ⚠ The search forms used to reach this file are listed at 1 and are not exhaustive: no edit-distance enumeration was run, the bare-surname residual of 493 documents has not been swept name by name, and two productive damaged spellings of his name were found by hand rather than predicted, so assume a third. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 -
Documents carrying his name that are excluded from this page, and why. ⛔ A witness deposition taken in a survivor’s civil action, on which the word
massagestands on 44, 21 and 12 sheets of its three productions, contains the questionDo you recall the name Jerry Edelman?and the answerNo.That is a denial. A negative is not a connection and it is not presented as one, and the identifiers are not linked from this page. ⛔ Epstein’s own continued deposition of 8 October 2009 in a claimant’s action, on whichmassagestands on 16 sheets andunderageon 14, contains a question about him answered with the same Fifth-Amendment formula Epstein gave to nine other names and to his own employment history. The refusal is blanket and it is not an Edelman finding. It is read at the image, in its place in the run, at Ben Goertzel. ⛔ A defence expert disclosure served in a criminal trial against the testimony of women who testified at it, on whichvictimstands on 8 of 14 sheets and which the extraction mistypes asresearch.article, contains one line about him. That line is already published at Steve Bannon and this page does not mine the filing for anything else. ⛔ One 2009 message in which Epstein proposes scientists including him is excluded in full, because the scientist-recruitment matter and an unrelated private arrangement concerning an unnamed woman share a single message, her status cannot be established, and no part of that message is quoted, paraphrased or linked here. ⛔ Two identifiers that carry the surname are barred from citation by this desk’s register and are not cited. ⛔ One message of 14 October 2010 in which anedelmanspeaks about an agreement and a payment is excluded: the bearer could not be resolved, and it is not attributed to him. ⛔ One list on whichEdelmanis followed immediately byDr. Gerald Leachis excluded: the forename belongs to the next man on the list. ↩ -
E-mail,
From: Jeffrey Epstein,To: Al seckel,Subject: project,Date: Thu, 07 Oct 2010 10:29:31 +0000, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00732645 p. 1. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the message body as far ascould be the web page for forbes. etc..and nothing after it. ⛔⛔ The surnameedelmanstands on this sheet with no forename anywhere on it, and this page does not treat it as an attribution to Gerald Edelman. It is quoted as one item in a list of surnames, and the body frames the identification as a question. Block S: every term zero. Two further copies are at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01978671 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00897216; neither was opened. ⚠ The other surnames in the list are quoted as the sheet spells them and are not corrected or expanded. ↩ ↩2 -
Vanity Fair, The Talented Mr. Epstein, one sheet in this copy. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01361575 p. 1. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the single clause naming him and the observation that the sentences around it characterise what
these mensay without quoting any of them. Block S: every term zero. ⚠ He is named on this sheet and not quoted, which is the point made in the body. ⛔ Nothing else on this sheet is reproduced or characterised, including the sentence about Gell-Mann that follows, which belongs to Murray Gell-Mann. **A second copy carrying the same passage is at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00188312 p. 110, a 170-sheet compilation, on which Block S returnsplaintiffon two sheets andgrand juryon one; it was not opened and it is not relied on. A third copy stands in a twenty-four-sheet court exhibit on which Block S returnsgrand juryon two sheets andsentencingon one; ⛔ that identifier is recorded in the desk report for this page and is deliberately not linked here. ↩ -
Material about him that is already published on this wiki and is deliberately not restated here. The recurring roster of scientists ending
gerald edelman ,, its irregular spacing, an image reading of it, and a corpus-wide measurement of its reach: Lisa Randall. ⚠ His name prints on that page in lower case, so a case-sensitive search of it for him returns nothing; every search run for this page was case-insensitive as well as whitespace-normalised. The Fifth-Amendment run in Epstein’s October 2009 deposition, in which the question about him is one of an unbroken series of identically answered questions about ten names and about Epstein’s own employment history, read at the image: Ben Goertzel. The single line about him in a defence expert disclosure served in a criminal trial: Steve Bannon. The undated sheet headedScientist's to Visit Jeffrey, on which four names including his carry no dates: Murray Gell-Mann. Epstein’s prepared answer naming him first among his scientific mentors: Murray Gell-Mann. The sheet headedList of Scientists!namingJerry Edelman: Mark Tramo. The Stockholm summit, its funding and the fund at the Stockholm School of Economics: Barbro Ehnbom. ⚠⚠ That last page carries the material without naming him anywhere, so no name-based coverage check can find it; it was found by sweeping the tree for the subject matter instead. ↩ ↩2 -
Two one-sheet e-mail prints, both TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. Epstein’s reply of
Sent Sun 8/2/2009 9:44:41 PM,Subject: Re: la Jolla, whole bodygerry edelman institute for neuro science, quoting the question it answers: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01816906 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_00188464). The correspondent’s message ofSent: Tue 8/4/2009 10:28:42 PM,Subject: reunion, from which this page takes the single sentenceI'm touring neurosciences institute tomorrow.: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02440744 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01514818). ⛔ The other sentence on that sheet names a third party and is not reproduced. ⛔ Neither correspondent is named here. Block S on both: every term zero. A further copy of the first is at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02440901; it was not opened. ↩ -
E-mail to Jeffrey Epstein,
Sent: Mon 2/22/2010 4:23:22 PM, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02430798 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01500858). The run is 1 sheet. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the one clause quoted and nothing else. Block S: every term zero. See Barbro Ehnbom. ↩ -
E-mail, Lesley Groff to Jeffrey Epstein,
Sent: Tue 5/25/2010 2:31:56 PM,Subject: FW: SWEDISH-AMERICAN LIFE SCIENCE SUMMIT IN STOCKHOLM THIS FALL.., three sheets, forwarding a refusal from the office of the neurologist approached and, quoted beneath it, the invitation ofMay 4, 2010that had been sent to him. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02420398 pp. 1-3 (1-indexed; databasepage_number0 to 2; sheet BatesEFTA_R1_01486308toEFTA_R1_01486310). The run is 3 sheets. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From p. 1 this page takes the one clause of the refusal quoted; from p. 2 the two sentences naming him and the sentence naming the Ambassador’s residence; from p. 3 nothing. ⛔ The neurologist and the member of his staff who wrote the refusal are professionals identified by their own signature blocks; this page refers to them by role only and takes nothing from either signature block. ⛔ The invitation’s account of the summit, its sponsors, its previous speakers and its programme is not reproduced here and belongs to Barbro Ehnbom. ⛔ No address, handle or attachment name is taken from any of the three sheets. ⚠doc_typetypes this documentletter; it is a forwarded e-mail thread. The type was not relied on. Block S across all three sheets: every term zero. ↩ -
E-mail thread, three messages of
7 Oct 2010,Subject: RE: Barbro Ehnbom, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02419177 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_0 1484795as the extraction renders it). The run is 1 sheet. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the two sentencesBarbro called to say the conference went very, very well.andJerry Edelman's presentation was fabulous., and Epstein’s replygreat„ call week of 18th. ⛔⛔ The remainder of the relayed message concerns a named third party’s political cause, a request for a social event and a greeting, and none of it is reproduced or characterised here. ⛔ Neither party to the relay is named here. Block S: every term zero. See Barbro Ehnbom. ↩ -
E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein to his office,
Sent: Wednesday, January 12, 2011 5:54 PM,Subject: Re: Dr Edelman (again), whole bodyWill not be in town, quoting the message ofOn Jan 12, 2011, at 12:59 PMthat it answers, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02391671 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01417969). TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes Epstein’s four words, his sign-off line, and the quoted message in full as the extraction returns it, including its=line-break artefacts and the damagedEdelaman, which are not mended. ⚠⚠ An earlier internal pass attributedWill not be in townto https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01993883 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02020604. It is on neither:EFTA01993883prints the single wordyesandEFTA02020604carries a header and no body at all. A header with no body establishes a mailbox, not a conversation, and neither is relied on here. ⚠Edelamanis one of two damaged forms found only by hand; the other document carrying it is https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02391693, which was not opened. Block S: every term zero. ↩ -
E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein to Lesley Groff,
Sent Thur 1/13/2011 5:57:40 PM,Subject: Re: Dr. Edelman, whole bodyyes, quoting her message ofOn Thu, Jan 13, 2011 at 12:56 PM, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01833643 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_00212120). The run is 1 sheet. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes Epstein’s one word and the whole of the quoted message, including the damagedsec, which is not mended. ⛔ No address or handle is taken from this sheet. Block S: every term zero. See Lesley Groff. ↩ -
E-mail, Lesley Groff to him at the institute,
Subject: Jeffrey Epstein,Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2013 18:45:12 +0000, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00365195 p. 1. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the two sentences quoted, the closingLesleyandAssistant to Jeffrey Epstein, and the display name in the recipient line,Neurosciences Research Edelman Dr. Gerald. ⛔ No address, handle, telephone or footer detail is taken from this sheet, and the angle-bracketed portion of the recipient line is not reproduced. Block S: every term zero. ⚠ That inverted display name is the only route into six documents in this release:EFTA00365195,EFTA00953739,EFTA01761799,EFTA02148268,EFTA02148278andEFTA02722790. ↩ ↩2 -
Three sheets, each a one-sheet e-mail print, all TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. Lesley Groff’s reply to him,
Sent: Wed 2/13/2013 9:19:52 PM,Subject: Re: Jeffrey Epstein: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02148278 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_00807591); from it this page takes the sentenceterrific. I will let him know and pass along the number.and the closingthanks, Lesley, and nothing else. Her message to Epstein,Subject: Dr. Edelman: Please call: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02566363 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01731512); from it this page takes one sentence. Epstein’s reply,Sent: Thur 2/14/2013 12:41:26 AM,Subject: Re: Dr. Edelman: Please call: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01902593 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_00332878); from it this page takes the four wordssend me his email. ⚠ The extraction ofEFTA02566363returns a block of property-list markup below the message; it is the export’s, it is not part of the message, and none of it is reproduced. ⛔ No address or handle is taken from any of the three. A further copy of Epstein’s reply is at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01902768; it was not opened and is not relied on. ↩ -
⚠⚠ Statement about this release’s own records, offered because it changes how the sheets below must be read. The
Sent:andDate:lines on these e-mail prints are not all on one clock. On https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02418052 the print header readsSent: Tue 10/12/2010 11:59:41 AMwhile the message quoted beneath it readsSent: Mon Oct 11 18:50:31 2010; on https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02421078 the print header readsSent Wed 10/20/2010 3:33:31 PMwhile the same message is quoted on https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02420845 asOn Wed, Oct 20, 2010 at 11:33 AM; and on https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02148268 the print header readsSent: Wed 2/13/2013 9:15:10 PMwhile the same message is quoted on https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02148278 asOn Feb 13, 2013, at 4:15 PM. ⛔ No rule is derived from this and none should be. This page quotes each timestamp exactly as the sheet it cites prints it, and states no interval between two messages unless both times are printed on the single sheet it cites for them. ⚠ An earlier internal pass stated an interval of ten hours between the message ofEFTA00365195and the reply ofEFTA02148268by comparing two different clocks. ⚠ The databaseemail_datefield is independently unreliable on these documents: it gives2013-02-14for a sheet printed2/13/2013,2009-10-23for a sheet printed10/22/2009, and1990-01-01for https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01993883.documents.total_pageswas not relied on either; the sheet counts in these footnotes are counts of rows in the extraction. ↩ -
Redlined draft of website copy for the Jeffrey Epstein VI Foundation, revisions showing, ten sheets, undated, its own text referring to support given
In 2011. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01112198 p. 2 (1-indexed; databasepage_number1; the sheet’s own Bates stamp isEFTA01112199). VERIFIED AT THE IMAGE at 400 dpi. From this sheet this page takes the headingSupport of Leading Scientists, the inserted sentence beginningIn addition to Dr. Martin Nowak, the fact that the paragraph about Martin Nowak below it is struck through in its entirety, the struck wordsIn fact, Mr. Epstein has supported the research of, the inserted wordsIn listandincludes, and the seven-name list, which at the image is in unrevised black type. ⚠⚠ An earlier internal pass reported his name as standing inside the revision. At the image it does not: it is in the text that was not edited. ⚠Nobel Laureatsis misspelled in the inserted text and is not corrected here. ⚠ The extraction of this sheet returns struck text as runs of hyphens and rendersKip ThorneasKip Thome; the image is authoritative and this page’s reading of the revision is taken from the image only. ⛔⛔ This document has ten sheets and this page cites one. No other sheet of it was quoted, summarised, characterised or relied on. ⛔ The nine names other than his are quoted because the list cannot be described without them; nothing is claimed here about any of them. A second copy is at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01112208; it was not opened. Block S onEFTA01112198: every term zero across all ten sheets. ↩ -
Four one-sheet e-mail prints, all TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. The notice,
Sent Saturday, May 17, 2014 5:03:55 PM,Subject: quit, from which this page takes the one sentenceGerry Edelman passed away. You probably know this.: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01750822 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_000484131as the extraction renders it). ⛔⛔ The remainder of that sheet concerns the writer’s own travel, residency and tax affairs and a link with an access instruction, and none of it is reproduced, described or located here, and the writer is not named. Epstein’s question,Sent Mon 5/19/2014 12:49:37 PM, whole bodygerry edelman , when?: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01924937 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_00370008). The answer,Sent: Mon 5/19/2014 1:20:52 PM, from which this page takes the one sentenceI think the day or day before I sent that email.: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01925263 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_00370722). ⚠⚠ The extraction of that sheet renders Epstein’s quoted words asgcrry edelman. That is a statement about the text layer of a sheet that was not opened, and not about its ink. It is reported because it bears on searching, which is done on the text layer. The third-hand report,Sent: Tue 5/20/2014 1:47:46 PM,Subject: Howard Gardner, from which this page takes the one sentenceHoward Gardner called to catch up...he says he read that Jerry Edelman died!: https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01923444 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_00367801). ⛔ The remainder of that sheet concerns a third party’s health and diary and is not reproduced. ⚠⚠ No sheet in this group states a date of death, and Epstein’s direct question about the date was answered with an admission of uncertainty. This release does not establish the date. Block S on all four: every term zero. Three further copies of the third-hand report are at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02717874, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02355526 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02583998; none was opened. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 -
E-mail thread, Jeffrey Epstein’s message of
Sent: Monda Jul 2 2018 11:35 AMas the extraction renders the line, three sheets. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02502782 p. 2 (1-indexed; databasepage_number1; the sheet’s own Bates stamp isEFTA_R1_01631226). TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the two sentences quoted and nothing else. ⛔⛔ The correspondent is not identified on the sheet and is not named here; the only thing said of him on this page is that the thread below Epstein’s message describes his surgical practice, which is what makes Epstein’s closing clause legible. ⚠ The=characters in the extraction are quoted-printable artefacts of the export, the sheet was not opened, and no character-level claim is made about it. ⚠doc_typetypes this documentemail.footer_only; it carries a full thread. The type was not relied on. Block S: every term zero across all three sheets. Two further copies are at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02503545 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02505585; neither was opened. ↩ -
E-mail, Lesley Groff to Jeffrey Epstein,
Subject: Call List (let me know when you wish to start),Date: Thu, 07 Jul 2011 18:32:57 +0000, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00431256 p. 1. The run is 1 sheet. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the subject line and the fact thatJerry Edelmanis its first line. ⛔ The other names on the list are not reproduced and nothing is claimed about them. Block S: every term zero. ↩ -
E-mail to Jeffrey Epstein,
Sent: Mon 9/13/2010 5:47:23 PM,Subject: also, idea, one sheet. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02421097 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_01487231). The run is 1 sheet. TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the proposed nameNeuro Nobel Roundtable, the headingPanel for discussion people:, the fact thatgerry edelmanstands second on a list of five, the proposed$10K honorarium plus $2000 plane for each, and the phrasethe first COUQie Nobel Round Table. ⛔ The sender is not identified on this sheet and is not named here. The clinical topics, the other proposed participants and the proposed host and venue are not reproduced. ⚠ That the correspondent’sCOUQierefers to the same foundation as the return at 2 is an inference from the spelling and the subject matter and is not established by this sheet. Block S: every term zero. ↩ -
E-mail, Jeffrey Epstein’s reply of
On Tue, Dec 15, 2009, one sheet, in which the subject line runs on into the message. https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02030164 p. 1 (BatesEFTA_R1_00539449). TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED. From this sheet this page takes the one sentence of Epstein’s that names him, as far ascome and get some counseling.⛔⛔ The message he is replying to is a private account of the correspondent’s employment and state of mind and is not reproduced, paraphrased or characterised here, and the correspondent is not named. ⚠ Tier: question. Epstein asserts a conversation and no document in this release corroborates it. Block S: every term zero. Four further copies are at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00743720, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA00886636, https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02433260 and https://epstein-data.com/EFTA02526855; none was opened. A separate pitch to Epstein of 18 July 2014, whose writer offersI worked with Gerry Edelman back in 1998/99 and learned a lot from him, is at https://epstein-data.com/EFTA01915397 p. 1 of four sheets,TEXT LAYER ONLY, NOT OPENED; that one clause is the whole of what is taken from it, its writer’s own name is on the sheet and is not reproduced here, and nothing in it establishes anything about Gerald Edelman. ↩ -
Statement about the corpus, not about him. One run of fifty documents in this release, 170 sheets, is absent from the local copy of the full-text corpus that this desk normally searches, so a local test for any subject inside it can only return zero and is worthless. It was re-queried against the served corpus for this subject, at the sheet level: 0 of the 170 sheets carry his surname, against 24 that carry
epstein. ⚠ The arm is the point: the query works, and it returns nothing for him. His absence from that run is therefore measured, not assumed. ↩