From: Joscha Bach c:e. To: Jeffrey Epstein <[email protected]> Subject: Re: Date: Fri, 09 Mar 2018 05:05:59 +0000 Last week I got to know Steve Hyman, Daniel Kahneman and Bob Horvitz. Telefonica invited all of us to a two day workshop with Pablo Rodriguez, Ken Morse and a few others, where we were meant to advise them on how to use Al for health applications. I told them that I think the goal of therapeutic invention is not to increase happiness, but integrity. Happiness is merely an indicator, not the benchmark. Current apps tend to subvert the motivation of people, but I don't think that this is necessary or the best strategy. Humans are meant to be programmable, not subverted. They perceive their programming as "higher purpose". If we can come from the top, supporting purpose, instead of from the bottom, subverting attention, we might be more successful. (Downside might be that we create cults.) Of the bunch, Hyman managed to be the most interesting (Kahneman was very charismatic but mostly tried to see if he could identify an application for his system one/system two theory). Gary Marcus was there, too, but annoyed everyone by being too insecure to deal with his incompetence. Did I tell you that I discovered that Deep Learning might be best understood as Second order AI? First order AI was the classical Al that was started by Marvin Minsky in the 1950ies, and it worked by figuring out how we (or an abstract system) can perform a task that requires intelligence, and then implementing that algorithm directly. It yielded most of the progress we saw until recently: chess programs, data bases, language parsers etc. Second order Al does not implement the functionality directly, but we write the algorithms that figure out the functionality by themselves. Second order Al is automated function approximation. Learning has existed for a long time in AI of course, but Deep Learning means compositional function approximation. Our current approximat