Page |67 psychology to (at least momentary) congregation, to wrench them from consideration of a career in government complacency with images of torment. A service. A student with the long-held sermon delivers a message, but it can do intent of becoming a researcher and with so in calm tones of instruction or with no interest in politics, government, or fire and brimstone. The choice and public service might seem to be an poetry of words and the cadence and immovable object. And yet, in that intonation of speaking can draw the moment, Jordan’s speech had sufficient listener in slowly or seize the listener impact to make government service suddenly, the very sounds of speech seem like the only path one would want painting images in the mind while to take or should ever consider. igniting new inferences with literal and Although her points were argued metaphoric descriptions. well, the impact of Jordan’s speech was In the realm of the spiritual, there not simply rhetorical. John F. are few corporeal manifestations that can Kennedy’s “Ask not what your country be perceived directly. Neither heaven can do for you....” and Martin Luther nor hell, neither God nor the Devil can King, Jr.’s “I have a dream....” affected be seen or heard or touched. Preaching listeners deeply well beyond the is needed to spell out the work of unseen cognitive strengths of a good argument. hands and will and illuminate the power Moreover, while all these speeches were of the unseen. The force of that which is delivered beautifully and from the heart, not seen can only be felt when it is not the performance of these transmitted directly through speech. speeches alone that can move listeners to In Phaedrus, Plato described act on behalf of others. The : ' . rhetoric as the art of leading the soul. performance alone cannot give substance 2, § “2 ; : Thus it is not surprising that, while at the to an empty message. While there are ow : ‘ : : core of religion is a collection of beliefs cases in w