Page |50 s F understanding. We consider the most a pg pe ircatonhes pS common of these to be empirically Bees Dads pechoityal spirituality i acauired. learned facts. relations systems sii peswecontrole. *auiree. , social gee Si" parasyimpatheticasocisted associations, and perceptual and motor thougits SOV aN TS Eo actors he systems ays? hight knowledge™Feactivation @'¢ 1 t g 5 ts ne ibeoral 2 O “efects aut O no Mic P te skills. Such learned associations serve as u = 2st =sympatheticwiss ghigher!* powerful determinants of thought and h e artiattack = i behavior. But other sources of i & information and knowledge also affect 5 our interaction with the environment, Chapter 5 including reflex-like (constitutionally Psychosomatic Relations: From endowed) circuits that are independent Superstition to Mortality of explicit learning. Examples include central networks for pain withdrawal, People have many sources of hunger circuits for the ingestion of information, knowledge and essential nutrients, social affiliation — networks, and neural systems that ° ‘The lead author is Gary G. Berntson, Ph.D., a promote maternal bonding. Each of Professor of Psychology, Psychiatry and these sources of information or Pediatrics and a member of the Neurosciences k : a nowledge can impact thoughts and Graduate Faculty at the Ohio State University. belief 8 d th i db rf f. He is a co-founder (with John Cacioppo) of the : enets, an lous S$ and DeNe s can. field of social neuroscience, is a co-editor of the impact behaviors and other bodily Handbook of Psychophysiology and the functions. Handbook of Neuroscience for the Behavioral a Maori h Sciences, and is the President of the Society for havi ‘ _ ne at wees aol ai Psychophysiological Research. Berntson’s edb ca Le some ITUIT, was TO ant research focuses on the evolutionary ad been taken development of the neuraxis, with special regard from a tabooed place; she to levels of organization in neurobehavioral exclaimed that the sanctity of the