Page |4l1 — ' in utero does not end with the physical g. Ome Hi tithecgndnat Grey, severing of the umbilical cord but walls ge P—Ainvisible 5ST CSS nee eon EPS ; ; comete’ $F CE effects levels om St higher” Hc Sm continues in a lengthy dependence on the physiolegeaitaee 22a increasessur PEOPIE physical. 45 Sense . . oeeomectednessl CO disease | indi vid brain Iss — mother or primary caregiver(s) for food eS] associated Y=] @ “in 1V1 ua So as g on e mM e S S Adtilts <= Sess and safety. Years are needed for the S rari fi Se Upnelinesstesfecingy infant to reach physical and reproductive Se maturation, but as Cacioppo notes, even : 1 more importantly these years are needed Chapter 4 for the infant to develop the social and Health by Connection: emotional skills necessary for survival in From Social Brains to Resilient Bodies a complex social world. We graduate We enter and leave the world from infantile dependence not to alone, but at no time do we exist independence but to interdependence disconnected from others. The (cooperation, trust, reciprocity, etc.). connection with the mother that begins That we are born to and for connection — explains why feeling disconnected, 4 The lead author is Louise C. Hawkley, Ph.D., a isolated, and like we don’t belong can be Senior Research Scientist (Assistant Professor), so painful. We call these feelings member of the Center for Cognitive and Social loneliness. Feelings of loneliness Neuroscience, and Associate Director of the Funetioa like ahivaieal Ga h Social Neuroscience Laboratory at the University ne fon NKe Pp lysica pain or unger or of Chicago. Her research is concerned with the thirst; they motivate us to alleviate the interplay of psychological and physiological social pain and to repair our sense of factors, and includes the study of autonomic, connectedness. This is an important neuroendocrine, immune, genetic, and behavioral adaptive function of loneliness because processes that contribute to physical and mental le wh