Page |21 transition of the egg from beneath the complexities facing the human species. warmth and safety of the mother to atop Indeed, the social brain hypothesis posits the feet and under a fold of feathered that the social complexities and demands abdominal skin of the father requires a of primate species contributed to the bit of coordination on the part of the rapid increase in neocortical (1.e., the two. Even this is not sufficient for the outer layer of the brain) connectivity and genes of this pair to find their way into intelligence (8). Warfare among the gene pool. The conditions of the ancestral hunter-gatherers appears to Antarctic winters are among the least have contributed to group selection for hospitable on earth, with winter human social behaviors, especially temperatures dipping below -60 degrees altruistic behaviors (5). As Darwin Celsius and winds reaching 120 mph. (1871) noted: To protect themselves from the wind and fe J ; : A tribe including many members cold, the male penguins huddle together, : : : oe ; who, from possessing a high spending much of their time sleeping to “8 a . degree of the spirit of patriotism, conserve energy. In this harsh . ; ; . . fidelity, obedience, courage, and environment, survival of the chicks sympathy, were always ready to depends on the shared warmth and ‘ . : aid one another, and to sacrifice protection of the huddle, not the Nye . themselves for the common good individual. The group as a whole is oer . <7 . would be victorious over most more likely to survive if each penguin ae ; . . other tribes; and this would be and chick shares in the warmth and : . . natural selection. (p. 166) protection of the collective structure, which means selective pressures exist to Moreover, deducing better ways promote cooperation to maintain the to find food, avoid perils, and navigate integrity of the huddle. More generally, territories has adaptive value for large for species born to a period of utter mammals, but the comple