Page |19 automobiles, changing how we to be a large, tumultuous ball with a transported and consequently how and mind of its own. The rule governing the where we worked and lived; Charles behavior of this dynamic and adaptive Darwin who argued that the difference in collective action can be explained mind between humans and other species, entirely in terms of self-interests. Each great as it is, is one of degree and not of fish is driven to swim to the middle, kind; and Albert Einstein who surmised where it is less likely to be eaten by the a relationship between energy and hungry predator. Sardines are born with matter, opening a universe of the capacity to swim, find food, and possibilities that previously was virtually avoid predators. If they survive long unimaginable. As a result, the cultural enough to reproduce, their genes will be focus moved from a focus on the social part of the gene pool for future group — the family, neighborhood, or generations. That is, if those who are society — toward the autonomous genetically predisposed to swim to the individual. middle are more likely to survive Forty years ago, the dominant predation, then the genetic : : . predisposition to swim to the middle will metaphor for the human mind was the aor digital computer, complete with inputs, beeeme a charaatenstie of a larger line aad memory evetema. Hated percentage of sardines in future 8 a ty SY ‘ generations. processing resources, and outputs. Evolutionary theory focused on the The sardine ball is an example of selfish gene and, by extension, on the a more general phenomenon, in which individual whose purpose for living was the choices made by members of a group to survive long enough to reproduce. endow the collective with properties that Milton Friedman influenced economic are consistent, predictable, and theory and government policies for purposive enough that we can speak of decades by positing that people, being them as “behaviors” of the group, even fundamentally rat