| ® | 128 | HOW AMERICA LOST ITS SECRETS claims that he stole only documents that exposed NSA transgres- sions into domestic surveillance, that he turned over all the stolen documents to journalists, and that he was forced to remain in Mos- cow by the actions of the U.S. government. They also find that the unprecedented size and complexity of the penetration of NSA files, compromising hundreds of thousands of secret documents pertain- ing to U.S. operations against adversary nations, according to the NSA’s and the Pentagon’s estimates, is not easily explained given Snowden’s avowed purpose for his theft. The deep split in how Snowden is perceived brings to mind the famous drawing of a duck-rabbit cartoon first published in 1900 in the book Fact and Fable in Psychology. The figure is perceived either as a duck or as a rabbit, but it cannot be seen as both simultaneously. Whether a person sees a rabbit or a duck in this test may depend on the information available to that person. Similarly, what may account for the sharp divide between the pro-Snowden and the anti- Snowden camps is a disparity in their available information. The pro-Snowden camp’s view is largely informed by Snowden © himself. Snowden supporters prefer to believe his words rather than re) his actions. In the anti-Snowden camp are administration officials and the members of the House and Senate intelligence oversight committees who have been at least partially briefed on the con- tinuing investigations of the Snowden affair. The members of the Senate Intelligence Committee, for example, were told by David Leatherwood, the director of operations for the Defense Intelligence Agency, that the military files compromised by Snowden included documents bearing on military plans and weapons systems; foreign governments’ intelligence activities (including special activities), intelligence sources, or methods of cryptology; scientific and techno- logical matters relating to national security; and vulnerable syst