23. Wikipedia. Web. 23 Aug. 2010. reviewing an early draft, and to Google’s library partners <http://www.wikipedia.org/>. and every author who has ever picked up a pen, for books. 24. Hoiberg, Dale, ed. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Chicago: Supporting Online Material Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2002. Wwww.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/science.1199644/DC1 25. Gregorian, Vartan, ed. Censorship: 500 Years of Conflict. Materials and Methods New York: New York Public Library, 1984. Figs. S1 to S19 26. TreB, Werner. Wider Den Undeutschen Geist: References Biicherverbrennung 1933. Berlin: Parthas, 2003. 27. Sauder, Gerhard. Die Biicherverbrennung: 10. Mai 1933. od Ostobes 2 go pied © December 20.1) Frankfurt/Main: Ullstein, 1985. Published ul: 16 December 2010; 28. Barron, Stephanie, and Peter W. Guenther. Degenerate 10. | 199644 Art: the Fate of the Avant-garde in Nazi Germany. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1991. Fig. 1. “Culturomic” analyses study millions of books at 29. Google News Archive Search. Web. once. (A) Top row: authors have been writing for millennia; <http://news.google.com/archivesearch>. ~129 million book editions have been published since the 30. Digital Scriptorium. Web. advent of the printing press (upper left). Second row: <http://www.scriptorium.columbia.edu>. Libraries and publishing houses provide books to Google for 2 31. Visual Eyes. Web. <http://www.viseyes.org>. scanning (middle left). Over 15 million books have been x 32. ARTstor. Web. <http:/Avww.artstor.org>. digitized. Third row: each book is associated with metadata. ee) 33. Europeana. Web. <http://www.europeana.eu>. Five million books are chosen for computational analysis bs 34. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. (bottom left). Bottom row: a culturomic “timeline” shows the r <http://www.hathitrust.org>. frequency of “apple” in English books over time (1800- 8 35. Barry, John M. The Great Influenza: the Epic Story of the 2000). (B) Usage frequency of “slavery.” The Civil War a