and Roger Schank, and Joseph Traub, head of the National Supercomputer Consortium. In 1981 with Heinz’s help, I had founded “The Reality Club” (the precursor to the non-profit Edge.org), whose initial interdisciplinary meetings took place in the Board Room at the NYAS. Heinz was working on his book, Dreams of Reason: The Rise of the Science of Complexity, which he considered to be a research agenda for science in the 1990's. Through the Reality Club meetings, I got to know two young researchers who were about to play key roles in revolutionizing computer science. At MIT in the late seventies, Danny Hillis developed the algorithms that made possible the massively parallel computer. In 1983, his company, Thinking Machines, built the world's fastest supercomputer by utilizing parallel architecture. His "connection machine," closely reflected the workings of the human mind. Seth Lloyd at Rockefeller University was undertaking seminal work in the fields of quantum computation and quantum communications, including proposing the first technologically feasible design for a quantum computer. And the Japanese? Their foray into artificial intelligence failed, and was followed by twenty years of anemic economic growth. But, the leading US scientists took this program very seriously. And Feigenbaum, who was the cutting-edge computer scientist of the day, teamed up with McCorduck to write a book on these developments. The Fifth Generation: Artificial Intelligence and Japan's Computer Challenge to the World was published in 1983. We had a code name for the project: “It’s coming, it’s coming!” But it didn’t come; it went. From that point on ’ve worked with researchers in nearly every variety of AI and complexity, including Rodney Brooks, Hans Moravec, John Archibald Wheeler, Benoit Mandelbrot, John Henry Holland, Danny Hillis, Freeman Dyson, Chris Langton, Doyne Farmer, Geoffrey West, Stuart Russell, and Judea Pearl. An Ongoing Dynamical Emergent System From the initial meeti