12.5 Clarifying the Ethics of Justice: Extending the Golden Rule in to a Multifactorial Ethical Model 223 On the other hand, logical coherence and the categorical imperative (imperatives 5 and 4) are matters for the formal stage of cognitive development, which come along only with the mature approach to ethics. These come from abstracting ethics beyond direct experience and manipulating them abstractly and formally — a stage which has the potential for more deeply and broadly ethical behavior, but also for more complicated ethical perversions (it is the mature capability for formal ethical reasoning that is able to produce ungrounded abstractions such as “I’m torturing you for your own good”). Developmentally, we suggest that once the capabil- ity for formal reasoning matures, the categorical imperative and the quest for logical ethical coherence naturally emerge, and the sophisticated combination of inferential and simulative cognition embodied in an appropriate social context then result in the emergence of the various characteristics typifying the mature ethical stage. Finally, it seems that one key aspect of the passage from the mature to the enlightened stage of ethics is the penetration of these two final imperatives more and more deeply into the judging mind itself. The reflexive stage of cognitive development is in part about seeking a deep logical coherence between the aspects of one’s own mind, and making reasoned modifications to one’s mind so as to improve the level of coherence. And, much of the process of mental discipline and purification that comes with the passage to enlightened ethics has to do with the application of the categorical imperative to one’s own thoughts and feelings — i.e. making a true inner systematic effort to think and feel only those things one judges are actually generally good and right to be thinking and feeling. Applying these principles internally appears critical for effectively applying them externally, for reasons that a