S-1/A Table of Contra& an issuer's debit cards and prohibit card issuers and payment networks from inhibiting the ability of merchants to direct the routing of debit card transactions over any network that can process the transaction. Beginning April 1. 2012. all debit card issuers in the United States were required to participate in at least two unaffiliated debit payment card networks. On April I. 2013. the ban on network exclusivity arrangements became effective for prepaid card and healthcare debit card issuers, with certain exceptions for prepaid cards issued before that date. Effective July 22, 2010, merchants were allowed to set minimum dollar amounts (not to exceed 510) for the acceptance of a credit card (while federal governmental entities and institutions of higher education may set maximum amounts for the acceptance of credit cards). They were also allowed to provide discounts or incentives to entice consumers to pay with an alternative payment method, such as cash, checks or debit cards. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act created a new entity. the Financial Stability Oversight Council, and authorized it to require that a nonbank financial company that is deemed to pose a systemic risk to the U.S. financial system become &abject to consolidated, prudential supervision by the Federal Reserve Board. At this point it is unclear whether we would be subject to additional systemic risk related oversight. Association and Network Rules We are subject to rules of MasterCard. Visa, INTERAC. PULSE, and other payment networks, In order to provide processing services, a number of our subsidiaries are registered with Visa and/or MasterCard as service providers for member institutions. Various subsidiaries of ours arc also processor level members of numerous debit and electronic benefits transaction networks or arc otherwise subject to various network rules in connection with processing services and other services we provide. As such, we arc subject to app