Page 7 91 F.3d 385, *; 1996 U.S. App. LEXIS 19807, **; 35 Fed. R. Serv. 3d (Callaghan) 1352 engaging in schemes that were nearly identical to the schemes that the Defendants used to defraud the Plaintiffs. These claims of the Additional Plaintiffs, however, were time-barred under the applicable statutes of limitations. Consequently, the Plaintiffs argued that the claims of the Additional Plaintiffs related back to the date of the filing of the original complaint, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c). The Plaintiffs asserted that the Additional Plaintiffs had not been previously joined in the action due to a mistake by their attorney, Eric Moss. In support of the motion, the Additional Plaintiffs asserted [**5] that they had retained Moss to commence an action against the Defendants in 1990, at the same time that the Plaintiffs retained Moss to pursue their claims against the Defendants. The Additional Plaintiffs contended that Moss' failure to name them as plaintiffs in the original complaint was a mistake that was caused by Moss' serious illness and subsequent death in 1993. On August 17, 1995, the district court granted Chase's motion for summary judgment to the extent of dismissing the 10(b) claim against Chase, and denied Chase's motion to dismiss the state law claims against it. The district court also denied the Plaintiffs' motion for leave to amend the first amended complaint. The court found that the claims of the Additional Plaintiffs did not relate back to the date of the original complaint under Rule 15(c). Because the claims of the Additional Plaintiffs, without relation-back, were time- barred under the applicable statutes of limitations, the district court concluded that it would be futile to grant the Plaintiffs leave to amend the complaint under Rule 15(a). The Plaintiffs then filed the instant appeal, claiming that the district court erred in determining that the claims [**6] of the Additional Plaintiffs did not relate back and t