IPI INTERNATIONAL PEACE INSTITUTE Vienna 16 July 2015 Proposal for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 2016-2018: POLIO ERADICATION & HEALTH AND SECURITY I. OVERVIEW This proposal by the International Peace Institute (IPI) to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) consists of two parts. The first focuses on (i) polio eradication: IPI will continue its analysis on the security, political, and operational aspects of the polio eradication campaign in Pakistan and Afghanistan and provide input and recommendations on how to reduce risk and increase the effectiveness of the campaign in these difficult environments. The second part (ii) has a broader thematic scope on health and security, focusing on the implications of insurgency, armed groups, terrorism, violent extremism and poor governance on health and vice verso. This includes global issues of health diplomacy and health policy development and implementation, particularly in fragile states. II. ACTIVITIES In support of BMGF's objectives, IPI will deliver in the following areas: • Security: provide continued access to IPI's field research; security-related analysis; real-time spot reports; granular local analysis; strategic inputs and recommendations; and tactical advice on short-term implementation in hostile environments. IPI has a proven track record in providing BMGF with a unique perspective and informed second opinion on existing reports that often lack first-hand insights on local actors, conditions and events in Afghanistan and Pakistan (as well as Nigeria, Somalia and Syria as required). IPI often highlights views that are outside the mainstream of media reporting and challenges the conventional wisdom when necessary. • Communications: IPI helps correct inaccurate narratives contained in existing communications strategies that have the unintended consequence of sending the wrong message, in the wrong way, to the wrong audience. Drawing on its analysis of local condition